Glossário de negociação de opções

Glossário de terminologia de negociação de opções.

Glossário de terminologia de opções.

Atualizado 1 de agosto de 2017.

Top 10 Must-Know Options Termos para opções de iniciantes.

Índice por ordem alfabética.

Acumulação - Quando os estoques começam a se mover lateralmente após uma queda significativa à medida que os investidores começam a acumular.

Opções Ajustadas - Opções de ações não padronizadas com termos personalizados para preço em grandes mudanças na estrutura de capital do estoque subjacente. Leia o tutorial completo sobre Opções Ajustadas.

Ordem All-or-None (AON) - Um pedido que deve ser completamente preenchido ou então não será executado. Esta é uma ordem útil para os comerciantes de opções que executam estratégias de opções complexas que precisam ser preenchidas com precisão. Tipos de ordens de opções explicadas.

Opção de estilo americano - Contrato de opção que pode ser exercido a qualquer momento entre a data de compra e a data de vencimento. A maioria das opções negociadas em bolsa são de estilo americano. Leia o Tutorial em opções de estilo americano.

Arbitragem - A compra e venda simultânea de instrumentos financeiros para beneficiar de discrepâncias de preços. Os comerciantes de opções freqüentemente procuram discrepâncias de preços do mesmo contrato de opção entre trocas de opções diferentes, beneficiando assim de um livre comércio de risco. Leia mais sobre Opções Arbitrage.

Ask Price - Usado na frase "lance e perguntou" é o preço pelo qual um potencial vendedor está disposto a vender. Outra maneira de dizer isso é o preço pedido pelo que alguém está vendendo. Você compra contratos de opção e ações em seu preço Ask. Leia mais sobre os preços das opções.

Atribuir - para designar um escritor de opções para o cumprimento de sua obrigação de vender estoque (escritor de opção de chamada) ou comprar ações (colocar um escritor de opções). O escritor recebe uma notificação de cessão da Options Clearing Corporation. Leia mais sobre atribuição de opções.

No dinheiro - Quando o preço de exercício de uma opção é o mesmo que o preço das ações prevalecentes. Leia mais sobre as opções de dinheiro.

Exercício automático - Quando as opções de dinheiro são exercidas aleatoriamente e automaticamente. Leia mais sobre Exercício automático.

Auto-negociação - Um acordo de três vias para que seu corretor de opções execute automaticamente o comércio recomendado pelo seu serviço de assessoria de opções. Leia mais sobre o Auto-Trading.

Backspread - veja Estratégia Reversa. Leia mais sobre os Backspreads.

Opções de Barreiras - Opções exóticas que surgem ou que deixam de existir quando determinados preços são atingidos. Leia mais sobre opções de barreira aqui!

Bearish - Uma opinião que espera uma queda no preço, seja pelo mercado geral ou por um estoque subjacente, ou ambos.

Estratégias de Opções em Baixa - Diferentes maneiras de usar opções para lucrar com um movimento descendente no estoque subjacente. Leia o tutorial sobre Estratégias de Opções Básicas.

Bear Spread - uma estratégia de opção que faz seu lucro máximo quando a ação subjacente declina e tem seu risco máximo se a ação aumentar de preço. A estratégia pode ser implementada com colocações ou chamadas. Em ambos os casos, uma opção com um preço de destaque mais alto é comprada e uma com um preço de golpe menor é vendida, ambas as opções geralmente têm a mesma data de validade. Veja também Bull Spread. Biblioteca de estratégias de opções.

Armadilha para Ursos - Qualquer movimento descendente tecnicamente não confirmado que encoraje os investidores a serem pessimistas. Normalmente, precede fortes manifestações e, muitas vezes, capta os incautos.

Beta - Uma figura que indica a propensão histórica de um preço de ações para se mover com o mercado de ações como um todo.

Preço de lance - O preço pelo qual um potencial comprador está disposto a comprar com você. Isso significa que você vende no preço de lance. Leia mais sobre os preços das opções.

Bid / Ask Spread - A diferença entre o preço de oferta e o preço de venda prevalecente. Geralmente, os contratos de opção que são mais líquidos tendem a ter um lance / Ask Spread mais apertado, enquanto os contratos de opção que são menos líquidos e são negociados de forma limitada tendem a ter um spread / Ask Spread mais amplo. Leia mais sobre os preços das opções.

Opções binárias - Opções que lhe pagam um retorno fixo quando termina no dinheiro por vencimento ou nada. Leia mais sobre opções binárias.

Modelo Black-Scholes - Uma fórmula matemática destinada a precificar uma opção como uma função de certas variáveis ​​- geralmente preço de ações, preço de exercício, volatilidade, prazo de vencimento, dividendos a serem pagos e a taxa de juros livre de risco atual. Leia mais sobre o modelo Black-Scholes.

Box Spread - Uma estratégia de negociação de opções de 4 rodadas complexas que visa aproveitar as discrepâncias nos preços de opções para uma arbitragem livre de risco.

Break - Even Point - o preço das ações (ou preços) em que uma determinada estratégia não faz nem perde dinheiro. Ele geralmente pertence ao resultado na data de validade das opções envolvidas na estratégia. A "dinâmico" O ponto de equilíbrio é aquele que muda à medida que o tempo passa.

Amplitude - O número líquido de ações avançando versus as que estão em declínio. Quando os adiantamentos excedem os declínios, a amplitude do mercado está se inclinando. Quando os declínios excedem os avanços, o mercado está em declínio.

Breakout - O que ocorre quando um preço de estoque ou uma média se move acima de um nível de resistência anterior anterior ou abaixo de um nível de suporte baixo anterior. As chances são de que a tendência continuará.

Bullish - Uma opinião em que se espera um aumento no preço, seja pelo mercado em geral ou por um título individual.

Estratégias de opções otimistas - Diferentes maneiras de usar opções para lucrar com um movimento para cima no estoque subjacente. Leia o tutorial sobre Estratégias de Opções Altas.

Bull Call Spread - Uma estratégia de opções otimista que visa reduzir o custo inicial das opções de compra de compra, com o objetivo de lucrar com ações que deverão aumentar moderadamente. Leia o tutorial sobre o Bull Call Spread.

Bull Spread - uma estratégia de opção que atinge o seu potencial máximo se a segurança subjacente for suficientemente alta e tiver o seu máximo risco se a segurança for suficientemente alta. Uma opção com um preço de queda mais baixo é comprada e uma com um preço de greve mais alto é vendida, ambas geralmente com a mesma data de vencimento. Ou as posições ou chamadas podem ser usadas para a estratégia. Biblioteca de estratégias de opções.

Bull Trap - Qualquer mudança tecnicamente não confirmada para o lado positivo que incentiva os investidores a serem otimistas. Geralmente precede declínios importantes e muitas vezes engana aqueles que não esperam a confirmação do formulário por outros indicadores.

Propagação de Borboleta - Uma estratégia de opção neutra que possui tanto risco limitado quanto potencial de lucro limitado, construída pela combinação de um spread de touro e um spread de urso. Três preços de ataque estão envolvidos, com os dois inferiores sendo utilizados no spread do touro e os dois maiores no spread do urso. A estratégia pode ser estabelecida com opções de venda ou chamadas; Existem quatro maneiras diferentes de combinar opções para construir a mesma posição básica. Aprenda tudo sobre a propagação da borboleta.

Buy To Open - Para estabelecer uma posição de opções indo longo. Leia o tutorial Comprar para Abrir.

Chamada - veja a opção de chamada.

Call Broken Wing Butterfly Spread - A Butterfly Spread com um perfil de risco / recompensa distorcido que não faz perdas ou mesmo um crédito leve quando o estoque subjacente se rompe com a queda. Isso é conseguido através da compra de mais medidas para fora das opções de chamadas de dinheiro do que uma propagação de borboleta regular. Leia o tutorial em Call Broken Wing Butterfly Spread.

Ligue para Broken Wing Condor Spread - A Condor Spread com um perfil de risco / recompensa distorcido que não faz perdas ou mesmo um crédito leve quando o estoque subjacente se rompe com a desvantagem. Isto é conseguido através da compra de uma redução adicional das opções de chamadas de dinheiro do que um spread comum do Condor. Leia o tutorial sobre Call Broken Wing Condor Spread.

Call Ratio Backspread - Uma estratégia de negociação de opções de crédito com lucro ilimitado para lucro superior e limitado para downside através da compra de mais das chamadas em dinheiro do que nas chamadas em dinheiro. Leia o tutorial sobre Backspread de Ratio de Chamada.

Taxa de Ratio de Chamada - Uma estratégia de negociação de opções de crédito com a capacidade de lucrar quando uma ação subiu, baixa ou paralelamente através do curto-circuito das chamadas de dinheiro do que nas chamadas de dinheiro são compradas. Leia o tutorial sobre a propagação da razão de chamada.

Call Time Spread - Outro nome para Call Calendar Spread. Uma estratégia de negociação de opções onde as opções de compra de longo prazo são compradas e as opções de chamadas de curto prazo são escritas para se beneficiar da decadência do tempo. Leia o tutorial em Call Time Spread.

Chamado para fora - O processo no qual um escritor de opções de chamada é obrigado a entregar o estoque subjacente ao comprador da opção a um preço igual ao preço de exercício da opção de compra. Leia o tutorial em Chamled Away.

Spread de calendário - Um tipo de estratégia de negociação de opções que usa uma combinação de opções com datas de vencimento diferentes para lucrar principalmente com o decaimento do tempo. Leia tudo sobre Calendar Spreads.

Calendário Straddle ou Combination - Uma estratégia complexa de opções neutras envolvendo a compra de um longo prazo e a venda de um curto prazo. Leia tudo sobre Calendar Straddle.

Calendar Strangle - Uma estratégia de opções neutras complexas envolvendo a compra de um estrangulamento a longo prazo e a venda de um estrangulamento de curto prazo. Leia tudo sobre Calendar Strangle.

Opções de chamada - Opções que dão ao titular o direito de comprar o título subjacente a um preço específico por um determinado período de tempo fixo. Leia todas as opções de chamadas.

Capitalização - O valor total de títulos emitidos por uma corporação. Isso pode incluir: títulos, debêntures, ações preferenciais, ações ordinárias e excedentes.

Cash Secured Put - Short put opções que são totalmente cobertas pelo dinheiro necessário no caso de uma tarefa. Leia tudo sobre o pagamento garantido em dinheiro.

Liquidação em dinheiro / entregas de dinheiro - Opções que, quando exercidas, oferecem o lucro em dinheiro em vez de um ativo subjacente. Leia tudo sobre opções liquidadas em dinheiro.

CBOE - The Chicago Board Options Exchange; a primeira troca nacional para negociar opções de ações listadas.

CBOE VIX - Veja VIX.

Chain - Uma lista de cotações de opções em vários preços de exercício. Leia mais sobre Opções de Cadeias.

Classe de opções - Contratos de opção do mesmo tipo e estilo que cobrem o mesmo ativo subjacente.

Período de encerramento no final de um dia de negociação em que os preços finais do dia são calculados.

Pedido de Encerramento - A recompra ou venda de uma opção para a qual um operador de opções tem a posição oposta. Um comerciante de opção que escreve uma opção de compra executará um pedido de fechamento "comprando para fechar" essa opção de chamada. Um operador de opções que comprou uma opção de compra executará uma ordem de fechamento "vendendo para fechar" essa opção de compra. Tipos de ordens de opções explicadas.

Condor Spread - Uma estratégia de opção neutra complexa que beneficia de uma negociação de ações dentro de um intervalo predeterminado. Leia All About Condor Spreads Here!

Contango - Um termo proveniente do mercado de petróleo. Isto é, quando a volatilidade implícita do mês mais distante é maior do que a volatilidade implícita mais próxima do mês. Isso é indicativo de uma condição de mercado normal.

Pedido Contingente - Uma ordem de opções personalizável avançada que é acionada dependendo do cumprimento de critérios predeterminados. Leia mais sobre Ordens Contingentes.

Correção - Quando uma ação cai no preço temporariamente antes de se recuperar posteriormente.

Tamanho do contrato - O valor do ativo subjacente coberto pelo contrato de opção. Isso geralmente é 100. Se uma opção for cotada por US $ 2,50, um contrato custaria US $ 2,50 x 100 = $ 250 e cobriria 100 ações.

Contrato de cobertura neutra - Uma técnica de cobertura estática envolvendo a compra de 1 opção de venda ou a venda de 1 opção de compra por cada 1 ação realizada. Leia mais sobre contrato Neutral Hedging Aqui!

Opinião contrária - A crença em frente à do público em geral e / ou Wall Street. É mais significativo nos principais pontos de viragem do mercado. Um consenso geral de opinião, seja de alta ou baixa, geralmente marca um extremo. Um investidor que tome uma visão contrária geralmente se beneficiará no tempo.

Conversão - A transformação de uma posição de estoque longo em uma posição que é curta o estoque usando opções, sem fechar a posição original de estoque longo, através do uso de posições sintéticas. Leia mais sobre conversões.

Consolidação - Quando os estoques começam a cair de lado depois de um aumento significativo, os investidores começam a vender algumas de suas participações para obter lucro.

Escala de contratos - O preço mais alto e mais baixo em que um contrato de opções negociou. Saiba mais sobre o intervalo de contratos.

Cover - para comprar de volta como uma transação de fechamento uma opção que foi inicialmente escrita.

Covered Call Write - uma estratégia na qual se escrevem opções de chamadas ao mesmo tempo que possuem um número igual de ações do estoque subjacente. Leia tudo sobre chamadas abrangidas aqui!

Covered Put Write - uma estratégia na qual um vende opções de venda e simultaneamente é um número igual de ações do título subjacente. Saiba tudo sobre a colocação coberta.

Covered Straddle Write - o termo usado para descrever a estratégia em que um investidor possui a segurança subjacente e também escreve um straddle sobre essa segurança. Esta não é realmente uma posição coberta.

Garantia coberta - o termo usado para warrants estruturados que funciona quase exatamente o mesmo que opções de chamadas e opções de colocação. Leia sobre as diferenças entre warrants e opções.

Crédito - Dinheiro recebido em uma conta. Uma transação de crédito é aquela em que a receita líquida de venda é maior do que a receita líquida de compra (custo), trazendo dinheiro para a conta. Existem muitas estratégias de opções de crédito. Leia tudo sobre o débito e crédito espalha aqui!

Credit Spread - A posição Credit Spread é um spread de opção em que o produto da venda líquida é maior do que o produto líquido de compra (custo), trazendo dinheiro para a conta. Leia mais sobre Credit Spreads.

Ordem diária - Um pedido que expira no final do dia de negociação, se não for executado. Leia tudo sobre as ordens de opções aqui!

Day trader / Daytrader - Comerciantes que abrem e fecham posições de opção ou múltiplas posições de opções dentro do mesmo dia de negociação.

Day trading / Daytrading - Método de negociação que envolve fazer negociações múltiplas que são abertas e fechadas no mesmo dia de negociação. Leia mais sobre os estilos de negociação de opções.

Débito - uma despesa ou dinheiro pago de uma conta. Uma transação de débito é aquela em que o custo líquido é maior do que o produto da venda líquida.

Spread de débito - A opção se espalha que você tem que pagar dinheiro para colocar. Leia mais sobre Debit Spreads.

Decay - See Time Decay.

Entregáveis ​​- Os ativos financeiros que são entregues aos detentores das opções quando as opções são exercidas.

Delta - o valor pelo qual o preço de uma opção mudará para uma alteração correspondente no preço pela entidade subjacente. As opções de chamada têm deltas positivos, enquanto as opções de venda têm deltas negativos. Tecnicamente, o delta é uma medida instantânea da mudança de preço da opção, de modo que o delta será alterado para alterações fracionais uniformes pela entidade subjacente. Consequentemente, os termos & quot; up delta & quot; e "delta descendente" pode ser aplicável. Eles descrevem a mudança da opção após uma mudança total de 1 ponto no preço pela segurança subjacente, tanto para cima como para baixo. O "delta ascendente" pode ser maior do que o "delta descendente" para uma opção de chamada, enquanto o reverso é verdadeiro para opções de colocação. Para obter explicações mais detalhadas sobre Delta e outros gregos de opções, vá para Opções Delta.

Delta Neutro - Quando opções delta positivas e opções de delta negativo compensam uma à outra para produzir uma posição que não ganha nem diminui de valor à medida que a ação subjacente se move ligeiramente para cima ou para baixo. Tal posição retornará um lucro, não importa de que maneira o estoque subjacente eventualmente se mova, desde que o movimento seja significativo. Saiba como realizar o Delta Neutral Trading.

Delta Spread - Um spread de taxa que é estabelecido como uma posição neutra, utilizando os deltas das opções envolvidas. A razão neutra é determinada pela divisão do delta da opção comprada pelo delta da opção por escrito.

Derivativos - Um instrumento financeiro cujo valor é derivado em parte do valor e características de outro instrumento financeiro. Exemplos de derivativos são opções, futuros e warrants.

Diagonal Call Time Spread - Uma estratégia de negociação de opções neutras, lucrando principalmente com a decadência do tempo, comprando a longo prazo nas opções de compra de dinheiro e reduzindo curto prazo as opções de compra de dinheiro contra elas. Leia o Diagonal Call Time Spread Tutorial.

Diagonal Spread - Uma opção espalhada no mesmo tipo subjacente, mas diferente mês de vencimento e strike. Leia o Diagonal Spread Tutorial.

Desconto - Uma opção está sendo negociada com desconto se a negociação for inferior ao valor intrínseco. Um futuro está sendo negociado com desconto se ele estiver negociando a um preço menor que o preço no caixa de seu índice ou mercadoria subjacente. Veja também Valor intrínseco e Paridade.

Discount Broker - Uma corretora que oferece baixas taxas de comissão. Obtenha uma lista de corretores de opções aqui!

Dividendo - Quando uma empresa paga uma parte do lucro para os acionistas existentes. Essa participação no lucro pode ser em dinheiro ou opções. Leia sobre os efeitos dos dividendos nas opções de estoque.

Proteção contra desvantagem - Geralmente usado em conexão com a escrita de chamadas cobertas, esta é a almofada contra perda, no caso de uma queda de preço pela garantia subjacente, que é oferecida pela opção de chamada escrita. Alternativamente, pode ser expresso em termos da distância que o estoque poderia cair antes que a posição total se torne uma perda (um valor igual ao prémio da opção), ou pode ser expresso como porcentagem do preço atual da ação.

Cobertura Dinâmica - Uma técnica de cobertura que requer um reequilíbrio constante para manter o rácio de cobertura.

Exercício antecipado (atribuição) - O exercício ou a cessão de um contrato de opção antes da data de validade.

Opções de ações para empregados - Opções de ações concedidas aos empregados por suas empresas como meio de compensação e incentivo. Leia mais sobre as opções de ações do empregado.

Opção de patrimônio - uma opção que tem ações comuns como garantia subjacente.

ETF - Fundos Negociados em Bolsa. Fundos de capital aberto negociáveis ​​em uma troca, tal como uma ação. Os ETFs possibilitaram que os investidores invistam em uma variedade de outros instrumentos, como ouro e prata, como investir em ações.

Exercício europeu - Uma característica de uma opção que estipula que a opção só pode ser exercida no vencimento. Portanto, não pode haver uma tarefa inicial com este tipo de opção. Leia o Tutorial em Opções de Estilo Europeu.

Exercício - Para invocar o direito concedido nos termos de um contrato de opções listado. O titular é aquele que exerce. Os detentores de chamadas exercem a compra da garantia subjacente, enquanto os detentores de títulos exercem a venda da garantia subjacente. Leia o tutorial sobre como exercitar uma opção.

Limite de Exercício - O limite do número de contratos que um detentor pode exercer em um período fixo de tempo. Definido pela troca de opção apropriada, ele é projetado para evitar que um investidor ou grupo de investidores seja "cotado". o mercado em estoque.

Preço de exercício - O preço pelo qual o titular da opção pode comprar ou vender o título subjacente, conforme definido nos termos do contrato de opção. É o preço pelo qual o titular da chamada pode exercer para comprar o título subjacente ou o titular da posse pode exercer para vender o título subjacente. Para as opções listadas, o preço de exercício é o mesmo que o Preço de Exercício.

Retorno Esperado - Uma análise matemática bastante complexa envolvendo a distribuição estatística dos preços das ações, é o retorno que um investidor poderia esperar fazer em um investimento se fizesse exatamente o mesmo investimento muitas vezes ao longo da história.

Data de expiração - O dia em que um contrato de opção se torna nulo. A data de validade das opções de ações listadas é o sábado após a terceira sexta-feira do mês de vencimento. Todos os detentores de opções devem indicar seu desejo de exercer, se assim o desejarem, até essa data. Leia o tutorial completo sobre expiração de opções.

Tempo de Expiração - A hora do dia em que todos os avisos de exercício devem ser recebidos na data de expiração. Tecnicamente, o prazo de expiração é atualmente às 17h na data de expiração, mas os portadores públicos dos contratos de opção devem indicar seu desejo de exercer o mais tardar até às 17h30 do dia útil anterior à data de expiração. Os tempos são horário do leste.

Expirar sem valor - quando as opções de dinheiro perdem todo o seu valor e expiram no dia da expiração. Leia o tutorial completo em Expire Worthless.

Valor Extrínseco - Também conhecido como "Valor Premium" ou "Valor do Tempo". É a diferença entre o preço de uma opção e o valor intrínseco. Leia o tutorial completo sobre Extrinsic Value.

Valor justo - Um termo usado para descrever o valor de uma opção ou contrato de futuros conforme determinado por um modelo matemático.

Chamada Fiduciária - Uma estratégia de negociação de opção que compra opções de chamadas como um substituto para uma colocação de proteção ou casada na mesma proporção. Leia mais sobre chamadas fiduciárias aqui!

Instrumento Financeiro - Um documento físico ou eletrônico que possui valor monetário intrínseco ou transfere valor. Por exemplo, o dinheiro, as ações, os futuros, as opções e os metais preciosos são instrumentos financeiros.

Frontspreads - Opções de estratégias destinadas a lucrar com condições de mercado neutras, onde os preços mudam muito pouco. Leia mais sobre Frontspreads.

Análise Fundamental - Um método de análise das perspectivas de uma segurança observando medidas contábeis aceitas, como ganhos, vendas, ativos e assim por diante.

Gama - A taxa de mudança do delta de uma opção de ação para uma unidade de alteração no preço da ação subjacente. Leia tudo sobre opções gama.

Gamma Neutral - Uma posição que tem valor gamma zero ou quase zero, resultando no valor delta da posição mantendo-se estagnada, não importa como o estoque subjacente se move. Leia tudo sobre Gamma Neutral.

Goldilock Economy - Uma economia que tem crescimento estável e inflação moderada que não é nem muito aquecida nem fria e permite políticas monetárias favoráveis ​​ao mercado de ações.

Bom até cancelado (GTC) - Uma designação aplicada a alguns tipos de pedidos, o que significa que a ordem permanece em vigor até que seja preenchida ou cancelada. Leia tudo sobre as ordens de opções aqui!

Indo em frente - Jargão do analista. Significado "In The Future". 12 meses daqui para frente significa 12 meses no futuro.

Gregos - Um conjunto de critérios matemáticos envolvidos no cálculo dos preços das opções de ações. Por favor, leia mais sobre Gregos Opcionais.

Grocession - Um período prolongado de 0 a 2% de crescimento no PIB que parecerá uma recessão.

Hedge - Transações que protegerão contra perda através de um movimento de preço compensatório. Leia tudo sobre cobertura aqui!

Hedge Ratio - A quantidade matemática que é igual ao delta de uma opção. É útil na facilitação, na medida em que uma cobertura teoricamente sem risco pode ser estabelecida tomando posições de compensação no estoque subjacente e suas opções de chamada ou colocação. Leia All About Hedge Ratio Aqui!

Volatilidade histórica - Volatilidade do movimento do preço anterior do ativo subjacente. Também conhecido como Volatilidade Realizada.

Distribuição de Tempo de Chamada Horizontal - Uma estratégia de opção na qual as opções de compra a longo prazo são compradas e as opções de compra a curto prazo são escritas para lucrar quando o estoque subjacente permanece estagnado. Leia o tutorial sobre propagação de tempo de chamada horizontal.

Horizontal Put Time Spread - Uma estratégia de opção em que as opções de compra de longo prazo são compradas e curto prazo nas opções de pagamento de dinheiro são escritas para lucrar quando o estoque subjacente permanece estagnado. Leia o tutorial sobre propagação do tempo de colocação horizontal.

Spread Horizontal - Uma estratégia de opção na qual as opções têm o mesmo preço de exercício, mas datas de vencimento diferentes.

Volatilidade Implícita - Uma medida da volatilidade da ação subjacente, é determinada usando preços atualmente existentes no mercado no momento, em vez de usar dados históricos sobre as variações de preço da ação subjacente. Leia mais sobre Implied Volatility.

Conceito de retorno incremental - Uma estratégia de escrita de chamadas cobertas em que o investidor está se esforçando para ganhar um retorno adicional da opção de escrita em relação a uma posição de estoque que ele está destinado a vender - possivelmente a preços substancialmente mais altos.

Índice - Uma compilação dos preços de várias entidades comuns em um único número.

Opção do Índice - Uma opção cujo ativo subjacente é um índice em vez de um ativo difícil, como ações. A maioria das opções de índice é baseada em dinheiro. Leia o tutorial completo sobre as opções de índice!

No Money - Um termo descrevendo qualquer contrato de opção que tenha valor intrínseco. Uma opção de compra é in-the-money se a garantia subjacente for maior que o preço de exercício da chamada. Uma opção de venda é in-the-money se a segurança estiver abaixo do preço de exercício. Leia TODAS sobre as opções de dinheiro aqui.

Valor intrínseco - O valor de uma opção se expirasse imediatamente com o estoque subjacente ao seu preço atual; o valor pelo qual uma opção está dentro do dinheiro. Para as opções de compra, essa é a diferença entre o preço da ação e o preço da redução, se essa diferença for um número positivo, ou zero, caso contrário. Para opções de venda, é a diferença entre o preço notável e o preço das ações, se essa diferença for positiva e zero caso contrário. Leia o tutorial completo sobre o valor intrínseco!

Último dia de negociação - a terceira sexta-feira do mês de vencimento. As opções deixam de ser negociadas às 15:00, Hora do Leste, no último dia de negociação.

Leg - (Verbo) Um método orientado para o risco de estabelecer uma posição de dois lados. Em vez de entrar em uma transação simultânea para estabelecer a posição (um spread, por exemplo), o operador primeiro executa um lado da posição, esperando executar o outro lado mais tarde e um preço melhor. O risco se materializa do fato de que um preço melhor pode nunca estar disponível, e um preço pior deve ser aceito.

(Noun) Em uma estratégia de opção que envolve muitos tipos de opções, cada tipo de opção é conhecido como uma perna. Leia o tutorial completo sobre Opções de perna!

Legging - Inserindo cada perna de uma posição de negociação de opções complexas separadamente e individualmente. Leia o tutorial completo sobre Legging!

LEAPS - Títulos de Antecipação de Capital de Longo Prazo. Simplesmente dito, são contratos de opção que expiram 1 ano ou mais no futuro. Às vezes, os contratos de opções que expiram de 6 meses a um ano depois também são conhecidos como LEAPS. Leia mais sobre os LAPs.

Cotações de Nível II - Cotações em tempo real fornecidas pelo NASDAQ descrevendo o spread de oferta de oferta específico fornecido por cada fabricante de mercado. Leia todas as citações de nível II aqui.

Alavancagem - Em investimentos, a obtenção de maior lucro percentual e potencial de risco. Um titular de chamadas tem alavancagem em relação a um detentor de ações - o primeiro terá maiores lucros e perdas percentuais do que o último, pelo mesmo movimento no estoque subjacente. Leia sobre como calcular as opções de alavancagem.

Limite - Veja Limite de Negociação.

Ordem Limitada - Uma ordem para comprar ou vender títulos a um preço específico (o limite). Leia mais sobre Ordem Limitada.

Líquido / Liquidez - A facilidade com que uma compra ou venda pode ser feita sem interromper os preços de mercado existentes. Leia sobre o que afeta a liquidez da opção de ações aqui!

Opção listada - Uma opção de venda ou compra negociada em uma troca de opção nacional. As opções listadas estabeleceram preços impressionantes e datas de validade.

Longo - Ser longo é possuir algo. Leia mais sobre posições de opções longas.

LookBack Options - Opções exóticas que permitem ao titular "Look Back" (olhar para trás) a ação do preço do ativo subjacente durante a expiração, para decidir o preço ótimo para o exercício das opções de Lookbacks. Leia mais sobre as opções do LookBack aqui!

Margem (ações) - Para comprar uma garantia mediante empréstimos de fundos de uma casa de corretagem. O requisito de margem - o percentual máximo do investimento que pode ser emprestado pela corretora - é definido pelo Federal Reserve Board.

Margem (opções) - O depósito em dinheiro deve ser mantido em conta ao escrever opções. Leia o tutorial completo sobre a margem de opções.

Marcado-a-modelo - Um método de avaliação usando modelos financeiros para ativos de nível 2, que são menos ativos líquidos que são difíceis de valorar devido à ausência de um mercado prontamente disponível.

Market Maker - Um membro de troca cuja função é auxiliar na criação de um mercado, fazendo lances e ofertas para sua conta na ausência de ordens de compra ou venda públicas. Vários fabricantes de mercado são normalmente atribuídos a uma segurança específica. O sistema de criação de mercado engloba os fabricantes de mercado e os intermediários. Leia tudo sobre fabricantes de mercado aqui!

Ordem de Mercado - Uma ordem para comprar ou vender títulos pelo preço de mercado atual. O pedido será preenchido enquanto houver um mercado para a segurança. Leia tudo sobre opções Market Order!

Market On Close (MOC) - Uma ordem de negociação de opção que preenche uma posição perto do mercado. Leia todas as opções de pedidos aqui!

Married Put e Stock - um put e stock são considerados casados ​​se forem comprados no mesmo dia, e o cargo é designado naquele momento como hedge. Leia mais sobre Married Puts Here!

Mini Index Options - Opções de índice que são apenas um décimo do tamanho das opções de índice regulares. Leia mais sobre Mini Index Options Here!

Mini opções - opções de ações que cobrem apenas 10 ações em vez de 100 ações. Leia mais sobre as mini opções aqui!

Modelo - Uma fórmula matemática destinada a precificar uma opção em função de certas variáveis ​​- geralmente preço de ação, preço de exercício, volatilidade, prazo até o vencimento, dividendos a serem pagos e a atual taxa de juros livre de risco. O modelo Black-Scholes é um dos modelos mais utilizados.

Dinheiro - O preço de exercício de uma opção em relação ao preço prevalecente do ativo subjacente. Leia mais sobre moneyness aqui!

Compressão múltipla - Onde o mercado global se vende durante um período de tempo, a fim de reduzir geralmente os índices de PE em toda a linha devido ao pessimismo sobre a macroeconomia.

Expansão Múltipla - Onde o mercado global se muda durante um período de tempo, a fim de geralmente aumentar os índices de PE em toda a linha devido ao otimismo sobre a macro economia.

NASDAQ - Associação Nacional de Concessionários de Valores Sistema de Cotação Automática. É um mercado eletrônico nos EUA, onde os títulos são listados e negociados eletronicamente.

Opção desnuda - veja Opção descoberta.

Baseada Estreita - Geralmente referindo-se a um índice, indica que o índice é composto apenas de poucas ações, geralmente em um grupo específico da indústria. Os índices estreitos não estão sujeitos a tratamento favorável para escritores de opções nulas.

Perto das opções de dinheiro - Opções com preços de exercício próximos do preço à vista do estoque subjacente. Leia o tutorial sobre Near The Money Options.

Neutro - Descrevendo uma opinião que não é mais baixa ou otimista. As estratégias de opções neutras geralmente são projetadas para executar melhor se houver pouca ou nenhuma mudança líquida no preço do estoque subjacente.

Estratégias de opções neutras - Diferentes maneiras de usar opções para obter lucros, uma ação permanece estagnada ou dentro de um intervalo de negociação apertado. Leia o tutorial sobre estratégias de opções neutras.

Opção não patrimonial - Uma opção cuja entidade subjacente não é ordinária; normalmente se refere a opções sobre commodities físicas, mas também pode ser estendido para incluir opções de índice.

Mercado unilateral - Uma condição de mercado em que há significativamente mais vendedores do que compradores ou mais compradores do que os vendedores. Neste caso, não há compradores suficientes que oferecem ofertas para comprar de vendedores ou que não há vendedores suficientes que oferecem ofertas para vender aos compradores.

Juros em aberto - O total líquido de contratos em aberto pendentes em uma determinada série de opções. Uma transação de abertura aumenta o interesse aberto, enquanto qualquer transação de fechamento reduz o interesse aberto. Leia mais sobre o volume e o interesse aberto.

Option - The right to buy or sell specific securities at a specified price within a specified time. A put gives the holder the right to sell the stock, a call the right to buy the stock.

Options Chains - Tables presenting the various options that a stock offers over various strike price and expiration dates. Read the full tutorial on Options Chains.

Options Contracts - Contingent claims contracts that allows its holder to buy or sell a specific asset when exercised. Read the full tutorial on Options Contracts.

Options on Futures - Options that have futures contracts as their underlying asset. Read the full tutorial on Options on Futures.

Optionable Stocks - Stocks with tradable options.

Option Pain - Also known as Max Pain or Max Option Pain. It is the stock price which will result in the most number of options contracts expiring out of the money. Read More About Option Pain.

Option Pricing Curve - A graphical representation of the projected price of an option at a fixed point in time. It reflects the amount of time value premium in the option for various stock prices, as well. The curve is generated by using a mathematical model. The delta (or hedge ratio) is the slope of a tangent line to the curve at a fixed stock price.

Option Trader - Also known as Options Trader. It is anyone who buys and sells options in the capital market. Read more about Option Traders.

Option Trading - Also known as Options Trading. It is the buying and selling of stock and index options in the capital market so as to speculate for leveraged profits in every market condition or perform hedging to reduce portfolio risk. Read more about Option Trading.

Options Clearing Corporation (OCC) - The issuer of all listed option contracts that are trading on the national option exchanges.

Options Margin - See "Margin (Options)".

Options Trading - The buying and selling of stock and index options in the capital market so as to speculate for leveraged profits in every market condition or perform hedging to reduce portfolio risk. Read more about Options Trading.

Options Trader - Anyone who buys and sells options in the capital market. Read more about Option Trading.

Options Strategist - An investment professional who specializes in research, analysis and execution of options strategies.

Options Symbol - A string of alphabets that define specific options contracts. Pode ser referido como o nome de um contrato de opções. Read more about Reading Options Symbols.

Out of the Money - Describing an option that has no intrinsic value. A call option is out-of-the-money if the stock is below the strike price of the call, while a put option is out-of-the-money if the stock is higher than the strike price of the put. Read More About Out Of The Money Options.

Over-the-Counter Option (OTC) - An option traded over-the-counter, as opposed to a listed stock option. A opção OTC tem um link direto entre o comprador e o vendedor, não tem mercado secundário e não possui padronização de preços pontuais e datas de validade.

Overvalued - Describing a security trading at a higher price than it logically should. Normally associated with the results of option price predictions by mathematical models. If an option is trading in the market for a higher price than the model indicates, the option is said to be overvalued.

Parity - Describing an in-the-money option trading for its intrinsic value: that is, an option trading at parity with the underlying stock. Also used as a point of reference-an option is sometimes said to be trading at a half-point over parity or at a quarter-point under parity, for example. An option trading under parity is a discount option.

Physical Option - An option whose underlying security is a physical commodity that is not stock or futures. The physical commodity itself typically a currency or Treasury debt issue-underlies that option contract.

Physically Settled Option - An option which the actual underlying asset exchange hands when exercised. Read more about Physically Settled Options.

Portfolio - Holdings of securities by an individual or institution. A portfolio may contain options of different stocks or a combination of shares, options and other financial instruments.

Position - Specific securities in an account or strategy. A covered call writing position might be long 1,000 XYZ and short 10 XYZ January 30 calls. It also refers to facilitate; buy or sell a block of securities, thereby establishing a position.

Position Trading - The use of options trading strategies in order to profit from the unique opportunities presented by stock options, such as time decay, volatility and even arbitrage to make safe, fixed, albeit lower profit. Read more about Options Trading Styles.

Premium - The total price of an option contract is made up of the sum of the intrinsic value and the time value premium. Even though most people refer to the price of an option contract as the "Premium", it is actually an inaccurate expression. The Premium of an option contract is the part of the price that is not intrinsic. Please read more about Options Premium.

Premium Over Parity - See Extrinsic Value.

Profit Range - The range within which a particular position makes a profit. Generally used in reference to strategies that have two break-even points-an upside break-even and a downside breakeven. The price range between the two break-even points would be the profit range.

Profit Table - A table of results of a particular strategy at some point in time. This is usually a tabular compilation of the data drawn on a profit graph.

Protected Strategy - A position that has limited risk. A protected short sale (short stock, long call) has limited risk, as does a protected straddle write (short straddle, long out-of-the-money combination). The Ride The Flow System is an example of a protected strategy.

Protective Call - An option trading hedging strategy that protects profits made in a short stock position using call options. Read More About Protective call Here!

Protective Put - An option trading hedging strategy that hedges against a drop in stock price using put options. Read More About Protective Put Here!

Public Book (of orders) - The orders to buy or sell, entered by the public, that are away from the current market. The board broker or specialist keeps the public book. Market-makers on the CBOE can see the highest bid and lowest offer at any time. The specialist’s book is closed (only he knows at what price and in what quantity the nearest public orders are).

Pull back - A temporary fall in price after a rally. The rally usually continues after a Pull Back. This is also known as a "Correction".

Put Broken Wing Butterfly Spread - A Butterfly Spread with a skewed risk/reward profile which makes no losses or even a slight credit when the underlying stock breaks to upside. This is achieved by buying further strike out of the money put options than a regular butterfly spread. Read the tutorial on Put Broken Wing Butterfly Spread.

Put Broken Wing Condor Spread - A Put Condor Spread with a skewed risk/reward profile which makes no losses or even a slight credit when the underlying stock breaks to upside. This is achieved by buying further strike out of the money put options than a regular put condor spread. Read the tutorial on Put Broken Wing Condor Spread.

Put Call Parity - Put Call Parity is an option pricing concept that requires the extrinsic values of call and put options to be in equilibrium so as to prevent arbitrage. Put Call Parity is also known as the Law Of One Price. Read About Put Call Parity Here.

Put Call Ratio - The ratio of the number of open put options against the number of open call options. The higher the resulting number, the more put options are bought or shorted on the underlying asset. For daily total equity put call ratio, please visit Option Trader's HQ. Read more about Put Call Ratio.

Put Option - An option granting the holder the right to sell the underlying security at a certain price for a specified period of time. See also Call. Read About Put Options Here.

Put Ratio Backspread - A credit options trading strategy with unlimited profit to downside and limited profit to upside through buying more out of the money puts than in the money puts are shorted. Read the tutorial on Call Ratio Backspread.

Put Ratio Spread - A credit options trading strategy with the ability to profit when a stock goes up, down or sideways through shorting more out of the money puts than in the money puts are bought. Read the tutorial on Put Ratio Spread.

Quadruple Witching - The third Friday of March, June, September and December when Index Futures, Index Options, Stock Futures and Stock Options expire. Este é um dos dias de negociação mais voláteis do ano, com volume de negociação excepcionalmente elevado. Read all about Quadruple Witching.

Quarterlies / Quarterly Options - Options with quarterly expiration cycle. Read more about Quarterly Options.

Ratio Backspread - Credit volatile options trading strategy that opens up one leg for unlimited profit through selling a smaller amount of in the money options against the purchase of at the money or out of the money options of the same type. Read the Tutorial on Ratio Backspreads.

Ratio Calendar Combination - A strategy consisting of a simultaneous position of a ratio calendar spread using calls and a similar position using puts, where the striking price of the calls is greater than the striking price of the puts.

Ratio Calendar Spread - Selling more near-term options than longer-term ones purchased, all with the same strike; either puts or calls.

Ratio Spread - Constructed with either puts or calls, the strategy consists of buying a certain amount of options and then selling a larger quantity of out-of-the-money options.

Ratio Strategy - A strategy in which one has an unequal number of long securities and short securities. Normally, it implies a preponderance of short options over either long options or long stock.

Ratio Write - Buying stock and selling a preponderance of calls against the stock that is owned.

Realize (a profit or loss) - The act of closing a position, incurring a profit or a loss. As long as a position is not closed, the profit or loss remains unrealized.

Resistance - A term in technical analysis indicating a price area higher than the current stock price where an abundance of supply exists for the stock, and therefore the stock may have trouble rising through the price.

Reward / Risk Ratio - A gauge of how risky a position can be by dividing its maximum profit potential against the maximum loss potential. A ratio of above 1 means that the potential reward is higher than the potential loss. Read the full tutorial on Calculating Reward Risk Ratio.

Return On Investment (ROI) - The percentage profit that one makes, or might make, on his investment.

Return If Exercised - The return that a covered call writer would make if the underlying stock were called away.

Return If Unchanged - The return that an investor would make on a particular position if the underlying stock were unchanged in price at the expiration of the options in the position.

Reversal - The transformation of a short stock position into a position which is long the stock using options, without closing the original short stock position, through the use of synthetic positions. Read more about reversals and synthetic positions.

Reverse Hedge - A strategy in which one sells the underlying stock short and buys calls on more shares than he has sold short. This is also called a synthetic straddle and is an outmoded strategy for stocks that have listed puts trading.

Reverse Strategy - Um nome geral que é dado a estratégias que são o oposto de estratégias mais conhecidas. For example, a ratio spread consists of buying calls at a lower strike and selling more calls at a higher strike. A reverse ratio spread also known as a backspread consists of selling the calls at the lower strike and buying more calls at the higher strike. The results are obviously directly opposite to each other.

Risk Graph - A graphical representation of the risk/reward profile of an option position. Learn All About Risk Graphs Now!

Risk Free Return - Profit on a risk free investment instrument such as the Treasury bills. It is a common standard of measuring the opportunity cost of having your money in anything other than Treasury bills.

Roll Down - Close out options at one strike and simultaneously open other options at a lower strike. Read the tutorial about Roll Down.

Roll Forward - Close out options at a near-term expiration date and open options at a longer-term expiration date. Read the tutorial about Roll Forward.

Rolling - A follow up action in which the strategist closes options currently in the position and opens other options with different terms, on the same underlying stock.

Roll Up - Close out options at a lower strike and open options at a higher strike. Read the tutorial about Roll Up.

Rotation - A trading procedure on the option exchanges whereby bids and offers, but not necessarily trades, are made sequentially for each series of options on an underlying stock.

Russell Sage - Renowned American Politician and Financier who introduced OTC call and put options in 1872. Read about the History of Options Trading.

Security / Securities - (finance) A tradable financial instrument signifying ownership in financial assets issued by companies or governments. Such financial assets includes but are not restricted to stocks, bonds, futures and debts.

Sell To Close - Closing a position by selling an option contract you own. Learn About Sell To Close Now!

Sell To Open - Opening a position by selling an option contract to a buyer. Learn About Sell To Open Now!

Selling Climax - Exceptionally heavy volume created when panic-stricken investors dump stocks. Often this marks the end of a bear market and is a spot to buy.

Series - An option contracts on the same underlying stock having the same striking price, expiration date, and unit of trading.

Settlement - The resolution of the terms of an options contract between the holder and the writer when the options contract is exercised. Read the full tutorial on Options Settlement.

Short (to be short) - To Short means to Sell To Open. That means to write or sell an options contract to a buyer. This gives you the obligation to fulfill the exercise of the option should the buyer decides to do so. Read all about Short Options Positions.

Short Backspread - Volatile options strategies which are set up with a net credit and unlimited profit potential in one direction.

Short Calendar Spread - Volatile options strategies that profit primarily through the difference in time decay of long term and short term options, achieved through writing longer term options and buying short term options. Read the full tutorial on Short Calendar Spreads.

Short Horizontal Calendar Call Spread - Short Calendar Spread that uses only call options. Read the full tutorial on Short Horizontal Calendar Call Spreads.

Short Covering - The process of buying back stock that has already been sold short.

Spread - An options position consisting of more than one type of options on a single underlying asset. Read the full tutorial on Options Spreads.

Spread Order - An order to simultaneously transact two or more option trades. Typically, one option would be bought while another would simultaneously be sold. Spread orders may be limit orders, not held orders, or orders with discretion. They cannot be stop orders, however. The spread order may be either a debit or credit.

Spread Strategy - Any option position having both long options and short options of the same type on the same underlying security.

Static Hedging - A hedging technique where a hedging trade is established and held without needing to rebalance.

Stock Options - Options contracts with shares as the underlying asset. Read All About Stock Options.

Stock Replacement Strategy - A trading strategy that seeks to reduce risk and volatility through owning deep in the money call options instead of the stock itself and using the remaining cash for hedging. Read All About Stock Replacement Strategy.

Stock Repair Strategy - An options strategy that aims to recover lost value in a stock quickly through writing call options against it. Read All About Stock Repair Strategy.

Ordem de limite de limite - Semelhante a uma ordem de paragem, a ordem de limite de fim torna-se uma ordem de limite, em vez de uma ordem de mercado, quando a segurança se processa ao preço especificado na parada. Read All About Options Stop Loss Here!

Stop Order - A traditional stop loss method which closes a position when a predetermined price is hit. Read All About Options Orders Here!

Straddle - The purchase or sale of an equal number of puts and calls having the same terms.

Strip Straddle - A Straddle with more put options than call options. Read the full tutorial on Strip Straddle.

Strap Straddle - A Straddle with more call options than put options. Read the full tutorial on Strap Straddle.

Strategy - With respect to option investments, a preconceived, logical plan of position selection and follow-up action.

Strike Arbitrage - An options arbitrage strategy that locks in discrepancies in options pricing between strike prices for a risk-free arbitrage. Read More About Strike Arbitrage.

Strike Price - The price at which the buyer of a call can purchase the stock during the life of the option or the price at which the buyer of a put can sell the stock during the life of the option. Read More About Strike Prices.

Structured Warrants - An alternative to stock options which works almost exactly like stock options and traded in markets such as the Singapore market. See how Structured Warrants Are Traded In The Singapore Market.

Support - A term in technical analysis indicating a price area lower than the current price of the stock, where demand is thought to exist. Thus a stock would stop declining when it reached a support area. See also Resistance.

Swing Trading - A trading methodology that trades short term price swings for short term profits. Read more about Options Trading Styles.

Synthetic Position - A combination of stocks and/or options that return the same payoff characteristics of another stock or option position.

Synthetic Put - A security which some brokerage firms offer to their customers. The broker sells stock short and buys a call, while the customer receives the synthetic put. This is not a listed security, but a secondary market is available as long as there is a secondary market in the calls.

Synthetic Stock - An option strategy that is equivalent to the underlying stock. A long call and a short put is synthetic long stock. A long put and a short call is synthetic short stock.

Synthetic Short Straddle - A combination of stocks and call options which produces the same payoff characteristics as a Short Straddle. Leia mais sobre o Straddle curto sintético.

Synthetic Straddle - A combination of stocks and call options which produces the same payoff characteristics as a Long Straddle. Leia mais sobre Straddle sintético.

Systematic Risk / Systemic Risk - Overall market risk that cannot be diversified away using a diversified portfolio based in the same market.

Take Delivery - To fulfill the obligation of buying stocks when put options that you sold becomes exercised.

Technical Analysis - The method of predicting future stock price movements based on observation of historical stock price movements.

Thales of Miletus - The creator of options back in 332BC. Leia sobre a História da negociação de opções.

Theoretical Value - The price of an option, or a spread, as computed by a mathematical model.

Theta - One of the 5 option greeks. Theta determines the rate of time decay of an option contract's premium. For more details on how Theta works and how it is calculated, please visit Option Greeks.

Ticker Symbol - Symbol representing the shares and options of a company's shares traded in the stock market. MSFT is the ticker symbol for Micrsoft shares while MSQFB is the ticker symbol for Microsoft's June29Call options.

Time Decay - The reduction of a stock option's extrinsic value as expiration date draws nearer. See "Theta" above. Read the full tutorial on Time Decay.

Time Spread - see Calendar Spread. Read the full tutorial on Time Spreads.

Time Value - Also known as "Premium Value" or "Extrinsic Value". It is the difference between an option's price and the intrinsic value. Read more about how Stock Options Are Priced.

Topping Out - A peak point where the sellers begin to outnumber the buyers.

Total Return Concept - A covered call writing strategy in which one views the potential profit of the strategy as the sum of capital gains, dividends, and option premium income, rather than viewing each one of the three separately.

Trading Limit - The exchange imposed maximum daily price change that a futures contract or futures option contract can undergo.

Trend - The direction of a price movement. A trend in motion is assumed to remain intact until there is a clear change.

Triple Witching - Prior to 2001. The third Friday of March, June, September, and December, when stock options, index futures and options on index futures expire. After 2001, the introduction of Single Stock Futures transformed Triple Witching into Quadruple Witching as single stock futures expire on the third Friday of every quarterly month as well.

Type - The designation to distinguish between a put or call option.

Uncovered Option - A written option is considered to be uncovered if the investor does not have a corresponding position in the underlying security.

Underlying Asset - The security which one has the right to buy or sell via the terms of a listed option contract. An underlying asset can be any financial instrument on which option contracts can be written based on. Some examples are : Stocks, ETFs, Commodities, Forex, Index.

Undervalued - Describing a security that is trading at a lower price than it logically should. Usually determined by the use of a mathematical model.

Variable Ratio Write - An option strategy in which the investor owns 100 shares of the underlying security and writes two call options against it, each option having a different striking price.

Vertical Spread - Any option spread strategy in which the options have different striking prices, but the same expiration date. Read the full tutorial on Vertical Spreads.

Vertical Ratio Spread - Vertical spreads that buy and short an unequal number of options on each leg. Read the full tutorial on Vertical Ratio Spreads.

VIX - An index measuring the level of implied volatility in US index options and is used as a measurement of volatility in the US stock market. Read More About VIX.

VIX Options - Non-equity options based on the CBOE VIX. Read More About VIX Options.

Volatile - A stock or market that is expected to move up or down unexpectedly or drastically is known as a volatile market or stock.

Volatile Strategy - An option strategy that is constructed to profit no matter if the underlying stock moves up or down quickly. Read All About Volatile Option Strategies.

Volatility - A measure of the amount by which an underlying security is expected to fluctuate in a given period of time. Generally measured by the annual standard deviation of the daily price changes in the security, volatility is not equal to the Beta of the stock. Leia mais sobre a volatilidade.

Volatility Crunch - A sudden, dramatic, drop in implied volatility resulting in a sharp reduction in extrinsic value and hence the price of options. Read More About Volatility Crunch.

Volatility Index - Also known as VXN, is an index by the CBOE that measures volatility in the market using implied volatility of S&P500 stock index options.

Volatility Skew - A graphical characteristic of the implied volatility of options of the same underlying asset across different strikes forming a right skewed curve. Read More About Volatiliy Skew.

Volatility Smile - A graphical characteristic of the implied volatility of options of the same underlying asset across different strikes forming the concave shape of a smile. Read More About Volatiliy Smile.

Volume - The number of transactions that took place in a trading day. Read More About Volume and Open Interest.

Write - To short an option. This is the act of creating a new options contract and selling it in the exchange using the Sell To Open order. The person who writes an option is known as the "Writer". Read the full tutorial on Options Writing.

WALK LIMIT® Order - WALK LIMIT® is a registered U. S trademark of optionsXpress Holdings Inc. covering securities and commodities trading and investment services and software. One of the services offered under the WALK LIMIT® mark is a type of automated limit order that "walks" your order from the National Best Bid or Offer (NBBO) in prescribed time and price increments up to (or down to) the asking price (bid price) in order to save you time while attempting to get the best fill prices for the orders.

Option Trading Glossary.

The lowest price option sellers are currently willing to accept.

Tarefa.

The receipt of an exercise notice by an option seller that obligates them to sell (in the case of a call) or purchase (in the case of a put) the underlying security at the specified strike price.

At the money.

When the price of the underlying security is identical to the strike price. Same for both puts and calls.

Averaging down.

The act of buying more shares of a stock as its price falls in order to lower the cost basis for the trade.

Used to describe the opinion or outlook that a sector or specific stock will decline in price. Opposite of Bullish.

The highest price option buyers are currently willing to pay.

Bandas de Bollinger.

A point on a chart plotted two standard deviations away from an asset’s moving average line. Developed by famous technical trader John Bollinger, it is often used in technical analysis to determine overbought and oversold market levels. The bands are also subject to market volatility – during periods of low volatility the bands contract, while during periods of high volatility the bands widen.

Used to describe the opinion or outlook that a sector or specific stock will rise in price. Opposite of Bearish.

Compre para abrir.

The act of buying a call or put to initiate a position.

Compre para fechar.

The act of buying a call or put to close a position.

Opção de chamada.

An option contract that gives the holder the right to buy the underlying security at a specified price for a certain, fixed period of time.

CBOE Volatility Index (VIX)

An index showing the market’s expectation of volatility over the next 30 days, often referred to as “the investor fear gauge.”

Closing price.

The price that is recorded for a security on market close, 4:00 p. m. ET for the NYSE.

Cost basis.

Essentially how much is paid for a stock or option. Cost bases are static figures, and are used to determine the amount gained or lost in a position. One can lower or raise their cost basis on a position by buying more shares or option contracts below or above their initial cost basis.

Covered/Uncovered (Naked)

A covered option is when an investor sells an option that is covered by a long or short position in the underlying security. Using this strategy ensures some downside protection while also generating income from the premium collected. For example, buying a stock and then selling a covered call on the shares creates income on what is generally considered a bullish position. Selling short a stock and then selling a covered put on the shares creates income on a generally bearish trade.

An uncovered (or “naked”) option is when an investor buys or sells an option that is not covered by a long or short position on the stock. Investors receive the option premium upfront, and are obligated to buy (in the case of selling uncovered puts) or sell (in the case of uncovered calls) the underlying security.

A mathematical estimate of how much the option price will change for every $1 move in the underlying stock.

A distribution of a percentage of a company’s earnings, determined by a company’s board of directors, generally as a percentage of the stock’s current share price. Dividends can be issued in cash, shares, or other property, and are most commonly issued on a quarterly basis.

The value of an asset less the total liabilities of the asset in question. Liabilities are generally debt or other financial obligations.

Ex-date/Ex-dividend date.

A date by which an investor must hold shares in a security in order to receive the security’s dividend distribution. Because trades generally take two trading days to settle, the ex-date is accepted as being two trading days before the record date, which is the date when an investor must be recorded as a company shareholder to receive a dividend.

Exchange-traded fund (ETF)

A security that tracks an index, commodity, bond, or basket of individual assets. ETFs can be bought and sold like common stock on a stock exchange.

You can either sell your option, or exercise your right to buy (in the case of a call) or sell (in the case of a put) the underlying security at the strike price. Readers of the Delta Report will rarely exercise an option—we usually recommend selling them prior to expiration.

Média móvel exponencial (EMA)

A type of moving average that is weighted more towards recent data. Because of this, the EMA reacts to price changes in a security more quickly than a simple MA.

Data de validade.

The termination date for the option contract. Standard option contracts officially expire on the Friday before the third Saturday of each month.

Inverse correlation.

A relationship between two variables in which they move in opposite directions. A common inverse (or negative) correlation is the relationship of the broad stock market to gold. As stocks decline, gold tends to rise as investors store their money in more “safe haven” assets.

In the money.

Calls are “in the money” if the price of the underlying instrument is HIGHER than the strike price. Puts are “in the money” if the price of the underlying instrument is LOWER than the strike price. (A put with a $20 strike price is “in the money” with the stock at $19.)

Valor intrínseco.

The amount by which an option is “in the money.” For example, a call option with a $20 strike price would be $3 in the money if the underlying stock was fording for $23 per share. In this case, the intrinsic value of the option is $3.

A term used to refer to the amount of debt a company carries against its equity. It also refers to an investment strategy in which capital is borrowed in order to increase the potential return of a particular investment.

Margin requirement.

The amount an uncovered option seller is required to deposit and maintain in order to cover a position. The margin requirement is calculated daily.

McClellan Oscillator.

An indicator used in technical analysis to determine the balance between stocks that are advancing and declining. It is calculated by subtracting the 39-day exponential moving average (EMA) of stock advances, less declines, from the 19-day EMA of stock advances, less declines. The result is a momentum indicator that works similarly to the MACD.

Média móvel (MA)

A trend-following indicator used in technical analysis to smooth out price action by filtering out large spikes and drops in a stock’s price. The two types of moving averages are the simple MA and the exponential moving average (EMA).

Divergência de convergência média móvel (MACD)

A momentum indicator that shows the relationship between two distinct moving averages of a security’s price. O MACD é calculado subtraindo a média móvel exponencial de 26 dias (EMA) da EMA de 12 dias.

Options contract.

An agreement between two parties to execute a transaction of a security at a preset price and by a certain date. The two types of options contracts are called Put and Call options.

Out of the money (OTM)

Calls are “out of the money” if the price of the underlying instrument is LOWER than the strike price. Puts are “out of the money” if the price of the underlying instrument is HIGHER than the strike price. (A crude-oil call with a strike price of $25 is “out of the money” if crude is at $20.)

Posicione a opção.

An option contract which gives the owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specific amount of an underlying security at a specific price and time.

The price of the option.

Índice de Força Relativa (RSI)

A momentum oscillator designed by J. Welles Wilder to measure the speed and change of price movements. Oscillating between 0 and 100, the RSI determines a security is overbought over 70 and oversold below 30. The data is generally measured over a period of 14 trading days.

Resistência.

The price level at which sellers are expected to enter the market. A concept, often paired with support, that the price of a security will tend to reverse at a certain price level.

The gain or loss of a security over a set period of time, usually represented as a percentage.

Vender para abrir.

The act of opening a short position in a covered or uncovered call or put option.

Vender para fechar.

The act of closing a long position in a covered or uncovered call or put option.

A method of determining a specific entry point to an option position. The way that security prices trend in correlation with momentum indicators, company news, or other factors, help determine the structure and effectiveness of each setup.

The act of selling a security that is either borrowed or otherwise controlled, with the intent of purchasing shares as they decline in price in order to make a profit.

Preço de greve.

The price at which you can “exercise” your option. This price is based on the underlying instrument. Call-option buyers have the right to buy the underlying instrument at the strike price. Put option buyers have the right to sell at the strike price.

The price level at which buyers are expected to enter the market.

Análise técnica.

A form of financial analysis which uses patterns formed by market data to identify trends and project future price movements.

Trend-following indicator.

An indicator that is backward-looking, meaning that it is based on past prices.

Underlying instrument.

The stock, stock index, or any other financial instrument that you have the right to buy and sell.

Volatilidade.

The amount of uncertainty or risk determined by the size of changes in a security’s value over time.

Anatomy of an Option.

The basic parts of an option symbol are: Stock Ticker + Expiration Year + Expiration Month + Expiration Day + Call/Put Indicator + Strike Price. You can see how this works below.

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Trading Glossary:

The Financial world has developed a special investment based language to help describe the stock market, investments, securities for the stock market, stock market analysis, and it's conditions. Often at times one is confronted with a term which is totally alien to them, or has a completely different meaning from what one thought. Misunderstanding these terms can sometimes lead to the wrong conclusion, and that can cost you money!

Uncovered Options Signals.

Financial News Blog.

Options References.

Financial Press Review.

Options References.

From Reuters: After years of pulling out the stops to boost a stubbornly sluggish U. S. economy, the Federal Reserve is moving back to "normal" monetary policy, a top Fed official said on Thursday.

News History.

News History.

Articles by Category.

Artigos Mais Recentes.

1/26/2018 - Signals in timely manner - When majority of indicator generate a signal after the fact, the SBV Flow continue to generate correct signals in timely manner.

1/19/2018 - Plus 3.4 percent - The Buy signal was closed on the S&P 500 index with 3.4% profit. Monitor the Selling Buying Flow to know when to buy and when to sell.

1/12/2018 - Perfect Buy Signal - The Selling and Buying Volume Flow avoided choppy signals during the Christmas vacation season and it enters the 2018 with the Buy Signal generated a week before. Now, this Bullish signal delivered 3.6% profit by proving that volume flow analysis really works.

12/8/2017 - More Volatility - Increasing volatility suggest paying less attention to Bullish signals with focusing more on the bearish signals.

12/1/2017 - Side-way Trending - Once again, the SBV Flow helps to avoid choppy signals other technical indicator would generate during the current side-way trending. Continue monitoring the SBV Flow to see the exit from the current uncertain market.

11/10/2017 - Increasing volatility - As 2-month bullish rally ended and we started seeing increase in volatility and shifting toward side-way trending. See how SBV Flow could be traded under such conditions.

11/3/2017 - SBV Flow - The SBV Flow cought the end of the Bullish rally on the S&P 500 index and went back into the bullish area by collection additional profit in the pockets of those who uses Selling Buying volume flow to trade.

10/20/2017 - +294 on S&P 500 - Our system avoided choppy signals during a week of side-way trending. After that a strong bullish week delivered nice profit for growing portfolio. The the system successfully avoids choppy signals in side-way price trending. Follow the SBV Flow on the S&P 500 to know when to buy and when to sell.

8/25/2017 - Summer-Vacation Season - The SBV Flow simple trading system helps to avoid choppy signals during the summer-vacation season. .

8/18/2017 - +200 on S&P 500 - The SBV Flow simple trading system performed greatly over the past two months by delivering stable signals. Only one red signal was recorded over that time. Follow volume - see where the money flow and you know what direction to trade.

8/17/2017 - Low Breadth - Extremely low Breadth readings suggest close bottom of the current correction. Use SBV Flow and Advance / Decline indicators to trade on the market with profit.

8/11/2017 - Sell Signal - The SBV Flow indicator perfectly spotted the reversal by generating the "Sell" signal on the S&P 500 index. Continue monitoring the Selling Buying volume to know when to buy.

8/3/2017 - Side-way trend - The SBV Flow simple trading system successfully avoids the choppy signals in side-way narrow range trending. When most of the other system lose all profit during side-way trends our system remains stable.

7/28/2017 - Perfect signal - Perfect "Buy" signal was closed on 7/28/2017 by delivering 1.8% on the S&P 500 index. The system is back in bullish position as a new "Buy" signal was generated by the Selling-Buying Flow indicator on the same day.

7/21/2017 - Bulls do not weaken - Money Flow continues to be positive - the Bulls continue to push the S&P 500 up and the simple trading system remains in the bullish position since July 7th.

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Options Trading Glossary of Terms.

The basic fundamentals of options trading are relatively easy to learn, but this is a very complex subject once you get into the more advanced aspects. As such it's no surprise that there is a fair amount of terminology and jargon involved that you may not be familiar with. We have compiled this comprehensive glossary of terms to be a useful reference tool for anyone learning about trading options.

Although we always try and explain any terminology we use in the context that we are using it in any particular page or article we write, there may be occasions when you come across a term that you don't understand. This glossary of terms is here to be used if you ever require an explanation for what a particular word or phrase means.

Albatross Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use an Albatross Spread.

All Or None Order: Often abbreviated as AON, this is a type of order that must be either filled entirely or not at all.

American Style Option: A contract that gives the holder the flexibility of choosing to exercise their option at any point between buying the contract and the contract expiring. More on American Style.

Approval Levels: See Trading Levels.

Arbitrage: Taking advantage of price discrepancies by buying and selling to create a risk free trade.

Arbitrage Trading Strategies: Strategies that involve the use of arbitrage. Read more at Arbitrage Strategies.

Ask Price: The price it costs to buy an option.

Assignment: When the writer of a contract is required to fulfill their obligations under the terms of that contract – for example buying the underlying security if they have written calls or selling the underlying security if they have written puts. The writer will be issued with an assignment notice in such circumstances.

At the Money Option: An option where the price of the underlying security is the same as the strike price.

Automatic Exercise: The process by which in the money options are automatically exercised if they are in the money at the point of expiration.

Auto Trading: A trading method that involves using a third party to select your trades and having your broker automatically execute them. Read more on Auto Trading.

Basket Option: A type of option that is based on a group of underlying securities rather than just one.

Barrier Option: A type of option that can come into existence or go out of existence based on specific criteria is usually related to the price of the underlying security. More about Barrier Options.

Bear Butterfly Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used when the outlook of an underlying security is bearish. Learn how to use a Bear Butterfly Spread.

Bear Call Spread: A simple strategy, using calls, that can be used when the expectation is that the underlying security will decline in price. Learn how to use a Bear Call Spread.

Bearish: An expectation that an option, or any financial instrument, will decrease in price.

Bearish Trading Strategies: Strategies that can be used to profit from a downward move in the price of a financial instrument. Lista de Estratégias Bearish.

Bear Market: When the overall market is in decline.

Bear Put Ladder Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bearish. Learn how to use a Bear Put Ladder Spread.

Bear Put Spread: A simple strategy using puts that can be used when the expectation is that the underlying security will decline in price. Learn how to use a Bear Put Spread.

Bear Ratio Spread: This is a strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bearish. Learn how to use a Bear Ratio Spread.

Bear Spread: A spread that is created to profit from bearish movements.

Bear Trap: An unconfirmed market movement which suggests a bear market, but is unconfirmed and ends up with the market moving upwards.

Bid Price: The price at which an option can be sold.

Bid Ask Spread: The difference between the bid price and the ask price of an option. An indicator of liquidity, and often referred to simply as the spread.

Binary Option: A type of option that pays a fixed return if it expires in the money or nothing if it expires at the money or out of the money. More about Binary Options.

Binomial Options Pricing Model: Can be abbreviated to BOPM; a pricing model that was developed by Cox, Ross and Rubinstein in 1979. Read more about the Binomial Pricing Model.

Black Scholes Options Pricing Model: A pricing model that is based on factors that include the strike price, the price of the underlying security, the length of time until expiration, and volatility. Read about the Black Scholes Pricing Model.

Box Spread: An advanced strategy that involves the use of arbitrage.

Break Even Point: The price or price range of the underlying security at which a strategy will break even, with no profits and no losses.

Breakout: When the price of a security moves above an existing resistance level or below an existing support level. The expectation is that the security will continue to move in the prevailing direction.

Broker: An individual or a company that executes orders to buy and sell financial instruments on behalf of clients.

Broker Commissions: The charge from a broker for executing orders on behalf of clients.

Bull Butterfly Spread: This is a strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bullish. Learn how to use a Bull Butterfly Spread.

Bull Call Ladder Spread: This is a strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bullish. Learn how to use a Bull Call Ladder Spread.

Bull Call Spread: A simple strategy, involving calls, which can be used when the expectation is that the underlying security will increase in price. Learn how to use a Bull Call Spread.

Bull Condor Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bullish. Learn how to use a Bull Condor Spread.

Bullish: An expectation that an option, or any financial instrument, will increase in price.

Bullish Trading Strategies: Strategies that can be used to profit from an upward move in the price of a financial instrument. List of Bullish Strategies.

Bull Market: When the overall market is moving upwards.

Bull Put Spread: A simple strategy, involving puts, which can be used when the expectation is that the underlying security will increase in price. Learn how to use a Bull Put Spread.

Bull Spread: A spread that is created to profit from bullish movements.

Bull Trap: An unconfirmed market movement which suggests a bull market, but is unconfirmed and ends up with the market moving downward.

Butterfly Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Butterfly Spread.

Buy to Close Order: An order that is placed when you want to close an existing short position through buying contracts that you have previously written. Read more about the Buy to Close Order.

Buy To Open Order: An order that is placed when you want to open a new position through buying contracts. Read more about the Buy to Open Order.

Calendar Call Spread: This is a simple strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Also known as a Time Call Spread. Learn how to use a Calendar Call Spread.

Calendar Put Spread: This is a simple strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Also known as a Time Put Spread. Learn how to use a Calendar Put Spread.

Calendar Spread: A type of spread that is created using multiple contracts with different expiration dates. Also referred to as a time spread. Read more about Calendar Spreads.

Calendar Straddle: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Calendar Straddle.

Calendar Strangle: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Calendar Strangle.

Call: See Call Option. Call is often used instead of the full term.

Called Away: The process that takes place when the writer of calls is required to fulfill their obligation and sell the underlying security at the agreed strike price.

Call Option: A type of option which grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy the relevant underlying security at an agreed strike price. Read more about Calls.

Call Ratio Backspread: An advanced strategy that can be used for profit in a volatile market, when there is a bullish outlook. Learn how to use a Call Ratio Backspread.

Call Ratio Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Call Ratio Spread.

Carrying Cost: The implied cost of using capital to purchase financial instruments based on interest incurred from borrowing that capital or interest lost from taking that capital from an interest bearing account.

Cash Settled Option: A type of option in which any profits due to the holder at the point of exercise or expiration are paid in cash rather than an underlying security being transacted. Read more about Cash Settled Options.

Chain: Tables that are used to show various information related to specific options. Read more about Chains.

Chooser Option: A type of option that allows the holder to choose whether it's a call or a put at some point during the term of the contract.

Close: The point at the end of a trading day when the market closes and final prices are calculated.

Closing Order: An order which is used to close an existing position. See Buy To Close Order or Sell To Close Order.

Combination Order: A type of order that combines multiple orders into one.

Commodity Option: A type of option where the underlying security is either a physical commodity or a commodity futures contract.

Compound: A type of option where the underlying security is another contract.

Condor Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Condor Spread.

Contingent Order: A type of order that allows for the trader to set specific parameters for exiting a position.

Contract Neutral Hedging: A technique for hedging that involves a trader buying as many options as units of the underlying security they own.

Contract Range: The range between the highest and lowest price that an option contract has been traded at.

Contract Size: The number of units of the underlying security that are covered by a contract. The typical contract size is 100. It should be noted that prices are displayed based on one unit of underlying security. So if an option is listed with an ask price of $2.00, and the contract size is 100, it would actually cost $200 to buy one contract covering 100 units of the underlying security.

Conversão & amp; Reversal Arbitrage: An advanced strategy that involves the use of arbitrage. Read more on conversion & reversal arbitrage at Arbitrage Strategies.

Covered Call: This is a simple strategy that can be used to make a profit from existing stock holdings when they are neutral and they are protected against a short term drop in their price. Learn how to use a Covered Call.

Covered Put: This is an advanced trading strategy that can be used in conjunction with short selling stock to profit if the stock remains neutral; it also protects against a short term rise in their price. Learn how to use a Covered Put.

Credit: Money that is received into a trading account.

Credit Spread: A type of spread that is cash positive – i. e. you receive more for writing the options involved in the spread than you spend on buying the options involved in the spread. Read more about Credit Spreads.

Currency Option: A type of option where the underlying security is a specific currency.

Day Order: A type of order that is cancelled at the end of a trading day if it hasn't been filled.

Day Trader: A trader who enters and exits their trading positions within one trading day, often holding onto positions for just a few minutes or hours.

Day Trading: The style of trading used by day traders, where positions are entered and exited within the same trading day. Read more about Day Trading.

Debit: Money that is paid out from a trading account.

Debit Spread: A type of spread that is cash negative i. e. you spend more on buying the options involved in the spread that you receive for writing the options involved in the spread.

Delta Neutral Hedging: A strategy that is used to protect an existing position from small movements in price. This can be used to hedge existing positions in stocks or other financial instruments. Read more about Delta Neutral Hedging.

Delta Neutral Trading: A strategy designed to create trading positions which will neither profit nor loss if there are small movements in the price of the underlying stock, but will return profits if the price of the underlying security moves significantly in either direction. Read more about Delta Neutral Trading.

Delta Value: One of the Greeks, the delta value measures the theoretical effect of changes in the price of the underlying security on the price of the option. Also referred to as Options Delta.

Derivative: A financial instrument which derives its value primarily from the value of another financial instrument. As opções são um tipo de derivado.

Diagonal Spread: A type of spread that is created by using multiple contracts with different expiration dates and different strike prices. Read more about Diagonal Spreads.

Directional Risk: The risk of loss from the price of a security moving in an unfavorable direction. For example, if you write calls you exposed to the directional risk of the underlying security possibly increasing in price.

Directional Outlook: The expectation of which direction, if any, that the price of a security will move in. For example, if you are expecting a security to increase in price you have a bullish outlook.

Discount Broker: A type of broker that carries out transactions at a low price, but generally offers little in the way of additional services. For more information please read Full Service Brokers vs Discount Brokers.

Discount Option: An option that is trading for less than its intrinsic value.

Dividend: A payment that can be made by a company to its shareholders, representing their share of profits.

Dynamic Position: A position which is constantly adjusted as required to serve its purpose.

Early Assignment: When the writer of contracts is required to fulfill their obligations under the terms of those contracts prior to the expiration date; early assignment happens when contracts are exercised early.

Early Exercise: When an American style is exercised prior to the expiration date.

Employee Stock Options: A type of option that is based on stock in a company and issued to employees of that company: typically as a form of remuneration, bonus, or incentive. Read more about Employee Stock Options.

European Style Option: An options contract that can only be exercised at the point of expiration and not before. Read more about European Style Options.

Exercise: The process by which the holder of a contract uses their right under the terms of that contract to either buy or sell the relevant underlying security at the stated strike price. Learn more about Exercising an Option.

Exercise Limit: A limit on the number that can be exercised that may be imposed on the holder.

Exercise Price: See Strike Price.

Expiration Date: The date on which a contract expires and effectively ceases to exist. Options must be exercised on or before this date, or they will expire worthless.

Expire Worthless: When a contract reaches the expiration date and has no value i. e. it's either at the money or out of the money at the point of expiration.

Expiry: See Expiration Date.

Extrinsic Value: The component of a price that is affected by factors other than the price of the underlying security, such as time left until expiration. Read more on the following page: Price of Options.

Fiduciary Call: A strategy that is designed to effectively cover the costs of exercising a call. Read more about Fiduciary Calls.

Fill or Kill Order: Often abbreviated to FOK, this is a type of order that must be either completely filled with immediate effect or cancelled.

Financial Instrument: A real or virtual asset that has an inherent monetary value and/or transfers monetary value. Stocks, shares, options, currencies, futures, and commodities are all forms of financial instruments.

Fundamental Analysis: A style of analyzing the value of a financial instrument by studying certain specific factors that relate to the true value of that security. Studying the financial reports of a company would be a way to carry out fundamental analysis on stock in that company.

Futures Option: A type of option where the underlying security is a future contract.

Full Service Broker: A type of broker that offers expert advice and professional guidance in addition to executing orders for a client; they typically charges higher fees and commissions.

Gamma Neutral Hedging: A hedging technique that involves creating positions where the overall gamma value is as close to zero as possible so that the delta value of the positions should remain static whether or not the price of the underlying security moves up or down. Read more about Gamma Neutral Hedging.

Gamma Value: One of the Greeks, the gamma value measures the theoretical effect of changes in the price of the underlying security on the delta value of that option. Also referred to as Options Gamma.

Going Long: Taking a long position on a financial instrument with the expectation that it will increase in price over time. Buying a contract is going long on that option.

Going Short: Taking a short position on a financial instrument with the expectation that it will decrease in price. Writing a contract is going short on that option.

Good Until Cancelled: Often abbreviated to GTC, this is a type of order that stays active until it is either filled or cancelled.

Greeks: A series of values that can be used to measure the sensitivity of an option to changes in market conditions and the theoretical changes in the price of an option caused by specific factors such as the price of the underlying security, volatility, and time left until expiry. Read more about the Greeks.

Hedge / Hedging: An investment technique used to reduce the risk of holding a specific investment. Options are commonly used as hedging tools: protecting another's existing position or a position in another financial instrument such as stock.

Historical Volatility: Often abbreviated to HV, a measure of the volatility of the price a financial instrument over a specified period of time in the past.

Holder: The owner of options contracts.

Horizontal Spread: A type of spread that's created using multiple contracts with different expiration dates, but with the same strike price. Read more about Horizontal Spreads.

Immediate or Cancel Order: Often abbreviated to IOC, this is a type of order that must be partially or completely filled immediately or cancelled. If the order is only partially completed, the balance of the order is cancelled.

Implied Volatility: Often abbreviated to IV, it's a measure of the estimated volatility of the price a financial instrument at the current time. Read more about Volatility and Implied Volatility.

Index Option: A type of option where the underlying security is an index, such as the S & P 500.

In the Money Option: An option where the price of the underlying security is in a favorable position, relative to the strike price, for the holder: meaning it has intrinsic value. A call is in the money when the price of the underlying security is higher than the strike price and a put is in the money when the price of the underlying security is lower than the strike price.

Intrinsic Value: The component of a price that's affected by the profit that is effectively built into a contract when it's in the money – i. e. the amount of theoretical profit that could be realized by exercising the option.

Iron Albatross Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use an Iron Albatross Spread.

Iron Butterfly Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use an Iron Butterfly Spread.

Iron Condor Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use an Iron Condor Spread.

LEAPS: The acronym for Long Term Equity Anticipation Securities. These are contracts that expire several months, or longer, in the future.

Leg: When an options position is made up of a combination of multiple positions, each of the individual positions is known as a leg.

Legging: The process of entering or exiting a position that is made up of a combination of multiple positions by transacting each position individually. Read more about Legging.

Legging In: See Legging; the process of entering a position using legging.

Legging Out: See Legging; the process of exiting a position using legging.

Level II Quotes: Also known as Level 2 Quotes. Real time quotes that are provided by exchanges detailing the exact bid ask spreads being offered by market makers. Typically used by very active traders to get the best possible prices at any given time.

Leverage: The use of specific financial instruments, such as options, to get a greater potential return on invested capital, or the use of borrowed capital to achieve potentially greater profits. Read more about Leverage.

Limit Order: A type of order used to buy or sell financial instruments at a specified maximum or minimum price respectively.

Limit Stop Order: Also known as a stop limit order, an order to close a position when a certain price is reached, if the order can be filled within a specified limit.

Liquidity: A measure of the ease with which a financial instrument can be bought or sold without impacting the price, or the ease with which a financial instrument can be converted to cash.

Listed Option: A type of option that is listed on an exchange, with fixed strike prices and expiration dates.

Long: You are long on a financial instrument if you own that instrument and/or you stand to gain from it increasing in price.

Long Call: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bullish. Learn how to use a Long Call.

Long Gut: This is a simple strategy that can be used when price of the underlying security is volatile and expected to move significantly, but the direction of the move is unclear. Learn how to use a Long Gut.

Long Position: The position of being long on a financial instrument. If you own options contracts, then you hold a long position on them.

Long Put: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bearish. Learn how to use a Long Put.

Long Straddle: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the price of the underlying security is volatile. Learn how to use a Long Straddle.

Long Strangle: This is a simple strategy that can be used when price of the underlying security is volatile and expected to move significantly, but the direction of the move is unclear. Learn how to use a Long Strangle.

Long Term Equity Anticipation Securities: See LEAPS.

Look Back Option: A type of option that allows the holder to exercise the option at the best price that underlying security reached during the life of the option. Read more about Look Back Options.

Margin: Margin has multiple meanings depending on the context that it's being used in. Margin related to buying stocks is the process of borrowing capital from a broker to buy stocks. Margin related to options trading is the amount of cash required to be held in a trading account when writing contracts. Leia mais sobre Margem.

Market Makers: Professional, high volume traders that are generally employees of financial institutions and are responsible for ensuring there's adequate depth and liquidity within the market in order for it to run efficiently. Read more about Market Makers.

Market On Close Order: Often abbreviated to MOC, this is a type of order that is filled at the end of a trading day.

Market Order: A type of order used to buy or sell financial instruments at the current market price. A market order will always be filled providing there's a corresponding seller or buyer.

Market Stop Order: Also known as a stop market order, an order to close a position at market price when a certain price is reached.

Married Puts: A hedging strategy that uses stocks and options. Read more about Married Puts.

Max Pain / Max Option Pain: See Option Pain.

Moneyness: A method used to measure the relationship of the strike price of an option to the current price of the underlying security. Read more about Moneyness.

Morphing: The changing of one position into another position with just one order, typically used with synthetic positions.

Naked Option: Also known as an uncovered option, this is where the writer of a contract doesn'tt have a corresponding position in the underlying security to protect them against unfavorable price movements. For example, writing calls without owning enough of the underlying security is writing naked options or taking a naked position.

Near The Money Option: An option where the price of the underlying security is very close to the strike price.

Neutral Market: When the overall market is relatively stable it's either bullish or bearish.

Neutral Outlook: An expectation that the market, or a specific financial instrument, will remain relatively stable in price.

Neutral Trading Strategies: Strategies that can be used to profit from the price of a financial instrument not moving, or moving only slightly. Lista de estratégias neutras.

One Sided Market: A market where the buyers significantly outnumber the sellers or the sellers significantly outnumber the buyers.

One Cancel Other Order: Often abbreviated to OCO, this is a type of combination order where one order is cancelled when the other one is filled.

One Trigger Other Order: Often abbreviated to OTO, this is a type of combination order where one order is automatically executed when the other one is filled.

Online Broker: A broker that enables you to enter your orders using an online trading platform.

Opening Order: An order that is used to open a new position. See Buy To Open Order or Sell To Open Order.

Open Interest : A measurement of the total number of open positions relating to a particular option. Read more about Open Interest.

Optionable Stock: Stock that has options based on it.

Option / Options Contract: The right to buy or sell a specified underlying security at a fixed strike price within a specified period of time.

Option Pain: The theoretical price of an underlying security that will result in the highest number of traders losing the highest amount of money due to options contracts expiring out of the money. Also known as Max Pain. Read more about Option Pain.

Options Broker: An individual or a company that executes orders to buy and sell options contracts on behalf of clients. List of the Best Brokers.

Options Trader: Any investor that buys and/or sells options contracts.

Options Trading: The process of buying and/or selling options contracts as a form of investment, to make short term profits, or to hedge existing positions.

Options Symbol: Effectively the name of an option; a string of characters that defines specific options contracts.

Out of the Money Option: An option where the price of the underlying security is in an unfavorable position, relative to the strike price, for the holder: meaning it has no intrinsic value. A call is out of the money when the price of the underlying security is lower than the strike price and a put is out of the money when the price of the underlying security is higher than the strike price.

Outlook: An expectation on which direction, if any, the market or a specific underlying security will move.

Over The Counter Option: A type of option that is only sold over the counter (OTC) and not on the public exchanges. They are typically highly customized options with specific parameters.

Physical Option: An option where the underlying security is a physical asset that is neither stock nor futures contracts.

Physically Settled Option: A type of option in which the underlying security changes hands between the holder and the writer of the options when it's exercised.

Portfolio: The combined holdings of any financial instruments owned by an individual, group, or financial institution.

Position Trader: A trader who uses the unique opportunities that options offer to profit from factors such as time decay and volatility.

Position Trading: The style of trading used by position traders, who are usually very experienced traders, to take advantage of the opportunities for profit that are created by the mechanics of options trading. Read more about Position Trading.

Premium: A term that can be used to describe the whole price of an option or the extrinsic value of an option. Read more about Premium.

Premium Value: See Extrinsic Value.

Pricing Model: A mathematical formula that is used to value or price an option contract based on specific factors. See Black Scholes Pricing Model or Binomial Pricing Model for examples.

Pricer: A specific type of chain that displays the five main Greeks in addition to other standard information.

Protective Call: A strategy that is used to protect profits in a short stock position. Learn how to use a Protective Call.

Protective Put: A strategy that is used to protect profits in a long stock position. Learn how to use a Protective Put.

Put: A type of option which grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell the relevant underlying security at an agreed strike price. Read more about Put Options.

Put Call Parity: A concept related to pricing that's based on avoiding arbitrage by ensuring the extrinsic values of related calls and when puts are equal, or close to equal in value.

Put Ratio Backspread: An advanced strategy that can be used for profit in a volatile market, when there's a bearish outlook. Learn how to use a Put Ratio Backspread.

Put Ratio Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Put Ratio Spread.

Quadruple Witching: The third Friday in the months of March, June, September, and December are the days when stock options, index options, stock futures, and index futures all reach their expiration point; this usually leads to high trading volume and increased volatility.

Quarterly Option: A type of option that uses a quarterly expiration cycle.

Ratio Spread: A type of spread that is created using multiple contracts of differing amounts. This typically involves writing a higher amount of options than is being bought, but the ratio can be either way around. Read more about Ratio Spreads.

Realize a Profit: The process of taking profits when closing an existing a position. Profit that exists in an open position is unrealized profit.

Realize a Loss: The process of incurring losses when closing an existing position. Losses that exist in an open position are unrealized losses.

Resistance Level: A price point, higher than its current price, that a financial instrument has not risen above over a given period of time.

Return On Investment: Often abbreviated to ROI, this is the percentage of profit that's made, or could be made, on an investment.

Reverse Iron Albatross Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used to make returns from a volatile market. Learn how to use a Reverse Iron Albatross Spread.

Reverse Iron Butterfly Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used to make returns from a volatile market. Learn how to use a Reverse Iron Butterfly Spread.

Reverse Iron Condor Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used to make returns from a volatile market. Learn how to use a Reverse Iron Condor Spread.

Rho Value: One of the Greeks, the rho value measures the theoretical effect of changes in interest rates on the price of the option. Also referred to as Options Rho.

Risk Graph: A graph used to illustrate the risk to reward ratio of a position. Read more about Risk Graphs.

Risk Reversal: A simple strategy that's typically used for the purposes of hedging. Read more about Risk Reversal.

Risk to Reward Ratio: An indication of how much risk is involved in a position in relation to the potential rewards or profits. Read more about Risk to Reward Ratio.

ROI: See Return on Investment.

Rolling Down: The process of closing an existing position and opening a comparable position at the same time, but with a lower strike price.

Rolling Forward: The process of closing an existing position and opening a comparable position at the same time, but extending the time left until expiry.

Rolling: A trading technique used to close an existing position and open a similar one at the same time, with slightly different terms. Read more about Rolling.

Rolling Up: The process of closing an existing position and opening a comparable position at the same time, but with a higher strike price.

Sell To Close Order: An order that's placed when you want to close an existing long position through selling the contracts you have previously bought. Read more about the Sell to Close Order.

Sell To Open Order: An order that's placed when you want to open a new position through writing new contracts. Read more about the Sell to Open Order.

Settlement: The process by which the terms of a contract are resolved when the option is exercised. Read more about Settlement.

Short: You are short on a financial instrument if you have short sold that financial instrument and/or you stand to gain from it falling in price.

Short Albatross Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used when the market is volatile. Learn how to use a Short Condor Spread.

Short Bear Ratio Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bearish. Learn how to use a Short Bear Ratio Spread.

Short Bull Ratio Spread: This is an advanced strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bullish. Learn how to use a Short Bull Ratio Spread.

Short Butterfly Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used when the market is volatile. Learn how to use a Short Butterfly Spread.

Short Calendar Straddle: An advanced strategy that can be used to profit from volatile market conditions. Learn how to use a Short Calendar Straddle.

Short Calendar Strangle: An advanced strategy that can be used to profit from volatile market conditions. Learn how to use a Short Calendar Strangle.

Short Call: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bearish. Learn how to use a Short Call.

Short Call Calendar Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used to profit from volatile market conditions. Learn how to use a Short Call Calendar Spread.

Short Condor Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used when the market is volatile. Learn how to use a Short Condor Spread.

Short Gut: This is a simple strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Short Gut.

Short Position: The position of being short on a financial instrument. If you write contracts then you hold a short position on them.

Short Put: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the outlook on an underlying security is bullish. Learn how to use a Short Put.

Short Put Calendar Spread: An advanced strategy that can be used to profit from volatile market conditions. Learn how to use a Short Put Calendar Spread.

Short Selling: The selling of a financial instrument that isn't currently owned, with the expectation of buying it back in the future at a lower price.

Short Straddle: This is a simple strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Short Straddle.

Short Strangle: This is a simple strategy that can be used to profit from an underlying security remaining neutral. Learn how to use a Short Strangle.

Spread: A position that's created by buying and/or selling different contracts on the same underlying security to combine multiple positions into one effective position. Read more about the Types of Options Spreads.

Spread Order: A type of order that's used to create a spread by simultaneously transacting all the required trades.

Stock Option: A type of option where the underlying security is stock in a publically listed company.

Stock Repair Strategy: A strategy that's used to recover losses from held stock that has fallen in value. Read more about Stock Repair Strategy.

Stock Replacement Strategy: A strategy that involves buying deep in the money call options instead of the underlying stock. The strategy is used to reduce the capital required to enter the position. Read more about Stock Replacement Strategy.

Stop Limit Order: See Limit Stop Order.

Stop Market Order: See Market Stop Order.

Stop Order: A type of order that's used to automatically close a position when a specified price is reached.

Strap Straddle: This is a simple strategy that can be used when price of the underlying security is volatile, but the inclination occurs when the move will be to the upside. Learn how to use a Strap Straddle.

Strap Strangle: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the price of the underlying security is volatile, but the inclination occurs when the move will be to the upside. Learn how to use a Strap Strangle.

Strike Arbitrage: An advanced strategy that involves the use of arbitrage. Read more about the strike arbitrage at Arbitrage Strategies.

Strike Price: The price specified in a contract at which the holder of the contract can exercise their option. The strike price of a call is the price at which the holder can buy the underlying security and the strike price of a put is the price at which the holder can sell the underlying security.

Strip Straddle: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the price of the underlying security is volatile, but the inclination occurs when the move will be to the downside. Learn how to use a Strip Straddle.

Strip Strangle: This is a simple strategy that can be used when the price of the underlying security is volatile, but the inclination occurs when the move will be to the downside. Learn how to use a Strip Strangle.

Support Level: A price point, lower than its current price, that a financial instrument hasn't fallen below over a given period of time.

Swing Trader: A trader who looks for relatively short term price swings and aims to profit from those swings by trading accordingly.

Swing Trading: The style of trading used by swing traders, where positions are usually held for a relatively short period of time in order to profit from short term price swings. Read more about Swing Trading.

Synthetic Long Call: A synthetic position which is essentially the same as owning calls. It involves buying puts and buying the related underlying security.

Synthetic Long Put: A synthetic position which is essentially the same as owning puts. It involves buying calls and short selling the related underlying security.

Synthetic Long Stock: A synthetic position which is essentially the same as owning stocks. It involves buying at the money calls and writing at the money puts on the relevant stock.

Synthetic Position: A position that's created using a combination of stocks and options, or a combination of different positions, to emulate another stock position or option position. Read more about Synthetic Positions.

Synthetic Short Call: A synthetic position which is essentially the same as being short on call options. It involves short selling stock and then writing put options based on that stock.

Synthetic Short Put: A synthetic position which is essentially the same as being short on put options. It involves buying a stock and then writing call options based on that stock.

Synthetic Short Straddle: A synthetic strategy that essentially replicates the Short Straddle trading strategy. Read more about the synthetic short straddle at Synthetic Strategies.

Synthetic Short Stock: A synthetic position which is essentially same as being short on stock. It involves the writing of at the money call options and buying at the money put options on the relevant stock.

Synthetic Straddle: A synthetic strategy that essentially replicates the Long Straddle trading strategy. Read more about the synthetic straddle at Synthetic Strategies.

Technical Analysis: A style of analysis used to predict the future price movements of a financial instrument by studying historical data relating to the volume and price. This typically involves analyzing charts and graphs to find patterns and trends.

Theoretical Value: The value of a specific option, or position, that is calculated by a pricing model or other mathematical formulas.

Theta Value: One of the Greeks, the theta value measures the theoretical rate of time decay of that option. Also referred to as Options Theta.

Time Decay: The process by which the extrinsic value diminishes as the expiration date of the option gets closer. Read more about Time Decay.

Time Call Spread: See Calendar Call Spread.

Time Put Spread: See Calendar Put Spread.

Time Spread: See Calendar Spread.

Time Value: See Extrinsic Value.

Trading Plan: A detailed plan that a trader would prepare to lay out how they'll approach their trading. The plan would usually include defined objectives, details of methods that will be used for budget control, risk management, and which strategies will be used.

Trailing Stop Order: A type of order that includes a stop price which is based on a percentage or absolute change from the previous best price.

Trading Levels: A level that's assigned to account holders at brokers to indicate what level of risk they can be exposed to. They are used to protect traders that have insufficient capital or inadequate experience from entering trades that they shouldn’t have. Also known as approval levels. Read more about Trading Levels.

Trading Style: The method and/or approach that a trader undertakes to follow; there are several specific types of trading styles. Read more about Types of Options Trader & Trading Style.

Trend: A recognizable and continued movement in a market or in the price of a specific financial instrument.

Uncovered Option: See Naked Option.

Underlying Asset: See Underlying Security.

Underlying Security: The asset, security, or financial instrument that an option is based on.

Underlying Financial Instrument: See Underlying Security.

Vega Value: One of the Greeks, the vega value measures the theoretical effect of changes in the implied volatility of the underlying security on the price of the option. Also referred to as Options Vega.

Vertical Spread: A type of spread that's created using multiple contracts with different strike prices, but it has the same expiration dates. Read more about Vertical Spreads.

Volatile: A financial instrument or whole market, that's moving unexpectedly and/or dramatically is said to be volatile.

Volatile Market: A market that's constantly moving unexpectedly and dramatically, with a high level of price instability.

Volatile Trading Strategies: Strategies that can be used to profit from a volatile market and/or a volatile financial instrument. List Of Volatile Strategies.

Volatility: A measure of how a financial instrument is expected to fluctuate over a specified period of time. Read more about Volatility.

Volatility Crunch: A significant drop in implied volatility.

Volatility Skew: When a graph that represents the implied volatility across options with the same underlying security, but different strike prices form a curve skewed to right.

Volatility Smile: When a graph that represents the implied volatility across options has the same underlying security but different strike prices, forms a concave similar in appearance to a smile.

Volume: The amount of transactions that took place involving a specified financial instrument such as a particular option. One with a high volume means it has been heavily traded.

Weekly Option: A type of option that uses a weekly expiration cycle.

Writer: The creator of new contracts to sell.

Writing an Option: The process of effectively creating new contracts to sell.

Produtos.

Uma lista abrangente de termos orientados a opções e suas definições.

Esses termos de troca de opções são usados ​​com alguma frequência em todo o nosso site e em nossas diversas publicações.

Tarefa.

O processo pelo qual um vendedor (ou escritor) de uma opção é notificado de que ele está obrigado a cumprir sua obrigação de vender ações (atribuição de chamadas) ou comprar ações (colocar atribuição).

Backspread.

Qualquer spread no qual as opções in-the-money são vendidas e uma maior quantidade de opções fora do dinheiro são compradas. Em um sentido mais geral, pode referir-se a qualquer estratégia que gane dinheiro quando o mercado se torna volátil.

Urso espalhado.

Um spread que ganha dinheiro se o estoque subjacente ou futuro diminui de preço. Normalmente construído comprando coloca em uma greve e vendendo um número similar de puts com uma greve mais baixa.

Ponto de equilíbrio.

O ponto em que uma estratégia ou posição não faria nem perca dinheiro (geralmente, na data de validade da opção).

Bull espalhou-se.

Um spread que ganha dinheiro se o estoque subjacente ou o futuro aumentar no preço. Normalmente, comprar-se-ia uma determinada greve e venderia o mesmo número de chamadas em uma greve mais alta.

Calendário espalhado.

Um spread no qual se vendem opções em uma greve e compra opções com prazo de vencimento com o mesmo preço impressionante. Em um spread de calendário neutro, não seria necessário comprar e vender a mesma quantidade de opções. A propagação pode ser construída com colocações ou chamadas, mas não são misturadas; isto é, se alguém compra ligações, ele também vende chamadas para completar a propagação - as peças não estariam envolvidas nesse caso.

Uma opção ou futuro que se liquida em dinheiro na data de validade, em vez de ser convertido em estoque ou em uma mercadoria física.

Transação de fechamento.

Um comércio que reduz a posição de um investidor. O fechamento das transações de compra reduz a posição curta e o fechamento das negociações de venda reduz uma posição longa existente.

Garantia.

O valor do empréstimo de títulos margináveis; geralmente usado para financiar a escrita de opções nuas.

Contrarian.

Quem pensa que a opinião popular das massas está errada e, portanto, vai contra essa opinião. Se todos forem otimistas, o contrarian interpretará isso como um sinal de venda.

1) para comprar de volta uma opção que foi escrita; 2) vender uma opção contra uma posição existente no estoque subjacente ou futuros.

Opção coberta.

Uma opção escrita é considerada coberta se o investidor tiver uma posição de compensação no título subjacente. As chamadas escritas são cobertas por estoque longo; As colocações escritas são cobertas por estoque curto.

Coberto escreva.

Normalmente, significava denotar a estratégia em que um é longo o estoque ou o futuro e é um número de chamadas menor.

Dinheiro recebido em uma conta. Quando um spread é feito "em um crédito", os dólares das opções vendidas são maiores que o custo das opções compradas.

Dinheiro gasto com uma conta. Um spread de débito requer uma despesa de dólares para estabelecer.

O montante pelo qual o preço de uma opção mudará se a segurança subjacente mover um ponto no preço. Veja também 'position delta'.

Uma opção é negociada com desconto se estiver vendendo por menos do que seu valor intrínseco. Exemplo XYZ é 55, a chamada de 50 de janeiro é 4 & frac12; este é um & frac12; ponto de desconto, uma vez que o valor intrínseco é 55 e menos; 50 = 5.

Exercício ou atribuição antecipada.

O exercício ou a atribuição de uma opção antes da data de validade. Não é permitido para certas opções, que são conhecidas como opções européias.

Opções de equidade.

Opções que possuem ações comuns como sua segurança subjacente.

Posições equivalentes.

Duas estratégias são equivalentes se tiverem a mesma imagem de lucro no vencimento. A venda de peças nuas equivale a escrever chamadas cobertas; comprar ações e colocar é equivalente a comprar chamadas.

Exercício europeu.

Uma característica de algumas opções, o que significa que elas só podem ser exercidas no vencimento, mas não antes. Portanto, não pode haver uma atribuição antecipada de uma opção européia. Muitas opções de índice possuem esse recurso.

Para invocar o direito do titular de comprar ações (chamadas) ou vender ações (puts).

Retorno esperado.

Uma estimativa matemática do retorno que pode ser feita a partir de uma posição. É tecnicamente o retorno que um investidor poderia esperar fazer se ele fizesse exatamente o mesmo investimento muitas vezes ao longo da história. Se alguém investe consistentemente em posições com altos retornos esperados, ele deve, em média, superar aqueles que não o fazem.

Data de validade.

A data em que um contrato de opção se torna nulo. Para opções de patrimônio e índice, é o sábado após a terceira sexta-feira do mês de vencimento. Para opções de futuros, cada um é diferente. No entanto, a maioria das opções de futuros baseadas em commodities expiram no mês anterior à expiração do futuro.

Valor justo.

Um termo usado para descrever o valor teórico de uma opção ou contrato de futuros; determinado em geral por um modelo matemático, com a volatilidade às vezes sendo uma variável subjetiva.

Um contrato padronizado que solicita a entrega de uma quantidade especificada de uma mercadoria em uma data especificada no futuro. Em alguns casos, o contrato é baseado em caixa, o que significa que nenhuma mercadoria realmente é entregue; Em vez disso, o contrato é liquidado em dinheiro.

Opções de Futuros.

Opções que possuem contratos de futuros como garantia subjacente.

O valor pelo qual o delta irá mudar quando o estoque subjacente se mover por um ponto. Veja o delta.

Volatilidade histórica.

Uma medida da volatilidade do contrato de ações ou contratos subjacentes, determinado pelo uso de dados de preços históricos.

Volatilidade implícita.

Uma medida da volatilidade do contrato subjacente de ações ou futuros. É determinado usando os preços atualmente existentes no mercado no momento, em vez de usar as mudanças históricas nos preços de dados.

Índice futuro ou opção.

Um futuro ou opção cuja entidade subjacente é um índice. A maioria dos futuros e opções do índice são baseados em caixa, o que significa que eles se liquidam em dinheiro no vencimento, e não para ações do próprio índice.

No dinheiro.

Um termo descrevendo qualquer opção que tenha valor intrínseco. Uma chamada é in-the-money se o estoque ou o futuro estiverem negociando mais alto do que o preço notável; uma colocação é no dinheiro se o estoque estiver negociando abaixo do preço notável.

Distribuição entre mercados.

Um spread envolvendo contratos em dois mercados diferentes, geralmente referente a contratos de futuros. Por exemplo, pode ser um longo prazo de referencial e Futuros Yen curtos como hedge.

Difusão intra-comercial.

Um spread envolvendo diferentes contratos sobre a mesma mercadoria subjacente. Exemplo de soja de julho, feijão de maio curto.

Valor intrínseco.

O valor pelo qual uma opção está no dinheiro; nunca é um número negativo. Para chamadas, a diferença entre o preço de ações ou futuros e o preço de destaque; para puts, a diferença entre o preço de destaque e o preço de ações ou futuros.

Ordem de limite.

Uma ordem para comprar ou vender a um preço específico. Um pedido de compra de limite é colocado abaixo do preço de mercado atual; uma ordem de venda limite é colocada acima do preço de mercado atual.

O investimento exigido por uma corretora. As opções longas devem ser pagas na íntegra. Os contratos de futuros e as opções nus são marginalizados. Nesse sentido, não se está emprestando dinheiro do corretor. Em vez disso, a margem é um depósito de garantia contra potenciais perdas da posição.

Média móvel.

Uma média de preços de fechamento em um período de tempo específico, que pode ser horário, diário, semanal ou mesmo mensal. Uma média móvel de 200 dias de um preço de estoque às vezes é considerada um suporte ou resistência significativa.

Opção desnuda.

Uma opção escrita é considerada nua, ou descoberta, se o investidor não tiver uma posição de compensação no estoque subjacente ou futuros. Veja a opção coberta.

Descrevendo um cargo que não tenha exposição a um determinado fator do mercado. Por exemplo, o delta neutro significa que a posição não é afetada pelos movimentos do mercado de curto prazo; A neutralidade da gama significa que a posição não será afetada por movimentos de mercado ainda maiores; Vega neutro significa que a posição não é afetada por mudanças na volatilidade implícita.

Operação de abertura.

Um comércio que acrescenta à posição líquida de um investidor; uma compra de abertura adiciona mais opções longas ou futuros, enquanto uma venda de abertura adiciona ações mais curtas ou futuros.

Interesse aberto.

O total líquido de contratos de futuros ou opções abertas pendentes que foram comprados. Note-se que, para cada compra de abertura, também há uma venda de abertura, mas o interesse aberto só conta um lado, e não ambos.

Fora do dinheiro.

Descrevendo uma opção sem valor intrínseco atual. Para chamadas, quando o estoque ou futuro está abaixo da greve; para colocar quando o estoque ou o futuro está acima da greve.

Descrevendo uma troca de opções no dinheiro por seu valor intrínseco. Também usado como um ponto de referência - uma opção às vezes é dito comercializar a uma distância específica "por sobreidade" ou "sob paridade". Uma opção de negociação sob paridade é negociada com desconto.

Gráfico de lucro.

Uma representação gráfica do potencial de lucro de uma posição. Normalmente, o estoque ou o preço futuro é plotado no eixo horizontal, enquanto os dólares de lucro ou perda são plotados no eixo vertical. Os resultados podem ser plotados em qualquer momento. Geralmente, no The Option Strategist, os gráficos de lucro mostrarão os resultados projetados duas semanas daqui, bem como os resultados projetados na expiração da opção de prazo mais próximo na posição.

Posição delta.

Uma medida da exposição de uma posição de opção inteira ao movimento do mercado. É calculado somando o seguinte para cada opção na quantidade de posição e vezes; delta & times; partes por opção.

outra palavra por preço, quando falamos de uma opção.

Razão de ligação.

Uma medida do volume de negociação de opções que às vezes é usado como um indicador técnico contrário para prever futuros movimentos de mercado. O índice é calculado dividindo o volume de negociação de puts pelo volume de negociação das chamadas. Pode ser usado em um caso específico, como opções em futuros de ouro, por exemplo. Também pode ser usado em um sentido mais amplo dividindo o volume total de todas as negociações de ações em todas as trocas por todas as chamadas negociadas. Se a proporção for muito alta, isso indica que muitas pessoas estão comprando itens. Como este é um indicador contrário, isso seria um sinal de compra. Por outro lado, se muitas chamadas estão sendo compradas, a proporção será muito baixa, e isso geralmente é um sinal de venda.

Ratio spread.

Um spread no qual o número de opções vendidas é maior do que o número comprado. Daí a estratégia envolve opções nus. Veja também backspread.

Resistência.

Um termo na análise técnica que indica uma área de preços maior que o preço atual das ações onde existe uma abundância de oferta. Portanto, o estoque ou futuro pode ter dificuldade em aumentar o preço de resistência.

Para fechar uma opção e restabelecer uma posição similar em outra opção na mesma segurança subjacente. Para fazer uma chamada longa, alguém venderia a chamada que ele possui e compraria outra ligação, geralmente com uma greve maior ou um tempo de expiração mais longo, ou ambos.

Um termo referente a volatilidades de opções a preços de destaques diferentes na mesma garantia subjacente. Se as volatilidades implícitas forem diferentes em cada greve, é dito que a volatilidade é distorcida.

Para opções, qualquer posição de opção com opções longas e opções curtas do mesmo tipo (colocar ou chamar) no mesmo contrato de estoque ou futuro subjacente. Para futuros, qualquer posição que envolva tanto futuros longos como curtos com diferentes meses na mesma commodity, ou em duas commodities relacionadas.

Parar ordem.

Um pedido que se torna um pedido de mercado quando o estoque ou o futuro se processa ao preço especificado na ordem de parada. Comprar pedidos de parada são colocados acima do preço de mercado atual; As ordens de parada de venda são colocadas abaixo do preço de mercado atual.

Qualquer posição que implique tanto as colocações quanto as chamadas do mesmo lado do mercado, com o mesmo preço impressionante. Por exemplo, uma longa caminhada envolve a compra tanto de peças como de chamadas com o mesmo preço impressionante.

Um termo em análise técnica que indica uma área de preços menor do que o preço atual do estoque ou futuro, onde a demanda é pensada para existir. Assim, um contrato de ações ou futuros deixaria de diminuir quando atingisse uma área de suporte.

Análise técnica.

O método de previsão de futuros movimentos de preços com base em observações de movimentos históricos de preços; aplica-se a ações ou futuros.

Valor teórico.

O preço de uma opção ou propagação conforme calculado por um modelo matemático. Veja também o valor justo.

Opção descoberta.

Veja a opção nua.

Segurança subjacente.

Um termo amplo usado para denotar o estoque, índice ou contrato de futuros que está subjacente a uma determinada série de opções.

Um termo para descrever o valor pelo qual o preço de uma opção mudará para uma variação de 1% na volatilidade do título subjacente.

Volatilidade.

Uma medida do montante pelo qual um título subjacente deverá flutuar em um determinado período de tempo. Veja também a inclinação.

O montante da negociação de uma ação, opção ou futuro. O volume de negociação excessivo em uma opção de equivalência patrimonial pode representar um movimento no preço pelo estoque subjacente. Se alguém pode detectar operações de cobrança invulgarmente pesadas, isso pode ser um sinal de compra para o estoque subjacente.

Para vender uma opção. O investidor que vende é chamado de escritor.

Categorias de Produtos.

Negociar ou investir se na margem ou de outra forma traz um alto nível de risco e pode não ser adequado para todas as pessoas. A alavancagem pode trabalhar contra você, bem como para você. Antes de decidir negociar ou investir, você deve considerar cuidadosamente seus objetivos de investimento, nível de experiência e capacidade de tolerar o risco. Existe a possibilidade de que você possa sofrer uma perda de algum ou todo seu investimento inicial ou mesmo mais do que seu investimento inicial e, portanto, você não deve investir dinheiro que não pode perder. Você deve estar ciente de todos os riscos associados à negociação e ao investimento, e procurar o conselho de um consultor financeiro independente se tiver dúvidas. O desempenho passado não é necessariamente indicativo de resultados futuros.

Testemunhos *: acredita-se que os depoimentos sejam verdadeiros com base nas representações das pessoas que fornecem os depoimentos, mas os fatos declarados em depoimentos não foram auditados ou verificados independentemente. Nem houve nenhuma tentativa de determinar se os depoimentos são representativos das experiências de todas as pessoas usando os métodos aqui descritos ou comparar as experiências das pessoas que dão testemunhos depois que os depoimentos foram apresentados. Você não deve esperar necessariamente os mesmos resultados ou resultados semelhantes.

Resultados do desempenho: os resultados do desempenho passado para serviços de consultoria e produtos educacionais são mostrados apenas com ilustração e exemplo, e são hipotéticos.

RESULTADOS DE DESEMPENHO HIPOTÉTICOS TEM MUITAS LIMITAÇÕES INERENTES, ALGUNS DESCRITOS ABAIXO. NENHUMA REPRESENTAÇÃO ESTÁ FAZENDO QUE QUALQUER CONTA VÁ OU SEJA PROBABILITÁVEL PARA ALCANÇAR LUCROS OU PERDAS SIMILARES ÀOS MOSTRADOS. POR FAVOR, HÁ DIFERENÇAS FREQUENTEMENTE SHARP ENTRE RESULTADOS DE DESEMPENHO HIPOTÉTICOS E OS RESULTADOS REAIS REALIZADOS POR TODOS OS PROGRAMAS DE NEGOCIAÇÕES PARTICULARES.

UMA DAS LIMITAÇÕES DOS RESULTADOS DE DESEMPENHO HIPOTÉTICOS É QUE ESTÃO GERALMENTE PREPARADAS COM O BENEFÍCIO DE HINDSIGHT. ADICIONALMENTE, A NEGOCIAÇÃO HIPOTÉTICA NÃO IMPORTA RISCOS FINANCEIROS, E NENHUM GRUPO DE NEGOCIAÇÃO HIPOTÉTICA PODE COMPLETAMENTE CONTA PARA O IMPACTO DO RISCO FINANCEIRO NO NEGOCIÃO REAL. POR EXEMPLO, A CAPACIDADE DE PERDER OU DE ADESIVAR A UM PROGRAMA DE NEGOCIAÇÃO ESPECÍFICO EM ESPIRRO DE PERDAS DE NEGOCIAÇÃO SÃO PONTOS MATERIAIS QUE PODEM IGUALMENTE AFETAR EFECTUAR RESULTADOS REAIS DE NEGOCIAÇÃO. HÁ NOMBROSOS OUTROS FATORES RELACIONADOS COM OS MERCADOS EM GERAL OU NA EXECUÇÃO DE QUALQUER PROGRAMA ESPECÍFICO DE NEGOCIAÇÃO QUE NÃO PODE SER COMPLETAMENTE COMPTABILIZADO NA PREPARAÇÃO DE RESULTADOS DE DESEMPENHO HIPOTÉTICOS E TODOS OS QUE PODEMOS ADVERSAMENTE EFECTUAR RESULTADOS REAIS DE NEGOCIAÇÃO.

&cópia de; 2015 The Option Strategist | McMillan Analysis Corporation.

Options Glossary.

Adjustments.

A change to contract terms due to a corporate action (e. g., a merger or stock split). Depending on the corporate action, different contract terms (including strike price, deliverable, expiration date, multiplier etc.) could be adjusted. An adjusted option may cover more or less than the usual 100 shares. For example, after a 3-for-2 stock split, the adjusted option will represent 150 shares. For such options, the premium must be multiplied by a corresponding factor. Example: buying 1 call (covering 150 shares) at 4 would cost $600.

All-or-none order (AON)

A type of option order which requires that the order be executed completely or not at all. An AON order may be either a day order or a GTC (good-‘til-cancelled) order.

American-style option.

An option that can be exercised at any time prior to its expiration date. See also European-style option.

A trading technique that involves the simultaneous purchase and sale of identical assets or equivalent assets in two different markets with the intent of profiting by the price discrepancy.

Ask / Ask price.

The price at which a seller is offering to sell an option or a stock. See also Assignment.

Assigned (an exercise)

Received notification of an assignment by OCC. See also Assignment.

Tarefa.

Notification by OCC to a clearing member that an owner of an option has exercised their rights. For equity and index options, OCC makes assignments on a random basis. See also Delivery and Exercise.

At-the-money / At-the-money option.

A term that describes an option with a strike price that is equal to the current market price of the underlying stock.

Averaging down.

Buying more of a stock or an option at a lower price than the original purchase to reduce the average cost.

Backspread.

A Delta-neutral spread composed of more long options than short options on the same underlying instrument. This position generally profits from a large movement in either direction in the underlying instrument.

Cboe Bats BZX Options Exchange.

Bear (or bearish) spread.

One of a variety of strategies involving two or more options (or options combined with a position in the underlying stock) that can potentially profit from a fall in the price of the underlying stock.

Bear spread (call)

The simultaneous writing of one call option with a lower strike price and the purchase of another call option with a higher strike price. Example: writing 1 XYZ May 60 call and buying 1 XYZ May 65 call.

Bear spread (put)

The simultaneous purchase of one put option with a higher strike price and the writing of another put option with a lower strike price. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 put and writing 1 XYZ May 55 put.

An adjective describing the opinion that a stock, or a market in general, will decline in price; a negative or pessimistic outlook.

A measure of how closely the movement of an individual stock tracks the movement of the entire stock market.

Bid / Bid Price.

The price at which a buyer is willing to buy an option or a stock.

Black-Scholes formula.

The first widely used model for option pricing. This formula is used to calculate a theoretical value for an option using current stock prices, expected dividends, the option's strike price, expected interest rates, time to expiration and expected stock volatility. While the Black-Scholes model does not perfectly describe real-world options markets, it is often used in the valuation and trading of options.

BOX Options Exchange.

Box spread.

A four-sided option spread that involves a long call and a short put at one strike price in addition to a short call and a long put at another strike price. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 call and writing 1 XYZ May 65 call; simultaneously buying 1 XYZ May 65 put and writing 1 May 60 put.

Break-even point(s)

The stock price(s) at which an option strategy results in neither a profit nor a loss. While a strategy's break-even point(s) are normally stated as of the option's expiration date, a theoretical option pricing model can be used to determine the strategy's break-even point(s) for other dates as well.

A person acting as an agent for making securities transactions. An account executive or a broker at a brokerage firm who deals directly with customers. A floor broker on the trading floor of an exchange actually executes someone else's trading orders.

Bull (or bullish) spread.

One of a variety of strategies involving two or more options (or options combined with an underlying stock position) that may potentially profit from a rise in the price of the underlying stock.

Bull spread (call)

The simultaneous purchase of one call option with a lower strike price and the writing of another call option with a higher strike price. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 call and writing 1 XYZ May 65 call.

Bull spread (put)

The simultaneous writing of one put option with a higher strike price and the purchase of another put option with a lower strike price. Example: writing 1 XYZ May 60 put, and buying 1 XYZ May 55 put.

An adjective describing the opinion that a stock, or the market in general, will rise in price; a positive or optimistic outlook.

Butterfly spread.

A strategy involving three strike prices with both limited risk and limited profit potential. Establish a long call butterfly by buying one call at the lowest strike price, writing two calls at the middle strike price and buying one call at the highest strike price. Establish a long put butterfly by buying one put at the highest strike price, writing two puts at the middle strike price and buying one put at the lowest strike price. For example, a long call butterfly might include buying 1 XYZ May 55 call, writing 2 XYZ May 60 calls and buying 1 XYZ May 65 call.

A covered call position that includes a stock purchase and an equivalent number of calls written at the same time. This position may be a combined order with both sides (buying stock and writing calls) executed simultaneously. Example: buying 500 shares XYZ stock and writing 5 XYZ May 60 calls. See also Covered call / Covered call writing.

Cboe C2 Options Exchange.

Calendário espalhado.

An option strategy that generally involves the purchase of a longer-termed option(s) (call or put) and the writing of an equal number of nearer-termed option(s) of the same type and strike price. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 call (far-term portion of the spread) and writing 1 XYZ March 60 call (near-term portion of the spread). See also Horizontal spread.

Opção de chamada.

An option contract that gives the owner the right but not the obligation to buy the underlying security at a specified price (its strike price) for a certain, fixed period (until its expiration). For the writer of a call option, the contract represents an obligation to sell the underlying product if the option is assigned.

Carry / Carrying cost.

The interest expense on money borrowed to finance a securities position.

Cash settlement amount.

The difference between the exercise price of the option being exercised and the exercise settlement value of the index on the day the index option is exercised. See also Exercise settlement amount.

Cboe Board Options Exchange.

Class of options.

A term referring to all options of the same type (either calls or puts) covering the same underlying stock.

Close / Closing transaction.

A reduction or an elimination of an open position by the appropriate offsetting purchase or sale. A selling transaction closes an existing long option position. A purchase transaction closes an existing short option position. This transaction reduces the open interest for the specific option involved.

Closing price.

The final price of a security at which a transaction was made. See also Settlement price.

A protective strategy in which a written call and a long put are taken against a previously owned long stock position. The options typically have different strike prices (put strike lower than call strike). Expiration months may or may not be the same. For example, if the investor previously purchased XYZ Corporation at $46 and it rose to $62, the investor could establish a collar involving the purchase of a May 60 put and the writing of a May 65 call to protect some of the unrealized profit in the XYZ Corporation stock position. The investor may also use the reverse (a long call combined with a written put) if he has previously established a short stock position in XYZ Corporation. See also Fence.

Garantia.

Securities against which loans are made. If the value of the securities (relative to the loan) declines to an unacceptable level, this triggers a margin call. As such, the investor is asked to post additional collateral or the securities are sold to repay the loan.

Combinação.

An arrangement of options involving two long, two short, or one long and one short positions. The positions can have different strikes or expiration months. The term combination varies by investor. Example: a long combination might be buying 1 XYZ May 60 call and selling 1 XYZ May 60 put.

Condor spread.

A strategy involving four strike prices with both limited risk and limited profit potential. Establish a long call condor spread by buying one call at the lowest strike, writing one call at the second strike, writing another call at the third strike, and buying one call at the fourth (highest) strike. This spread is also referred to as a flat-top butterfly.

Contingency order.

An order to execute a transaction in one security that depends on the price of another security. An example might be to sell the XYZ May 60 call at $2.00, contingent upon XYZ stock being at or below $59.

Tamanho do contrato.

The amount of the underlying asset covered by the option contract. This is 100 shares for 1 equity option unless adjusted for a special event. See also Adjustments.

Conversão.

An investment strategy in which a long put and a short call with the same strike price and expiration combine with long stock to lock in a nearly riskless profit. For example, buying 100 shares of XYZ stock, writing 1 XYZ May 60 call and buying 1 XYZ May 60 put at desirable prices. The process of executing these three-sided trades is sometimes called conversion arbitrage. See also Reversal / Reverse conversion.

To close out an open position. This term most often describes the purchase of an option or stock to close out an existing short position for either a profit or loss.

Covered call / Covered call writing.

An option strategy in which a call option is written against an equivalent amount of long stock. Example: writing 2 XYZ May 60 calls while owning 200 shares or more of XYZ stock. See also Buy-write and Overwrite.

Covered combination.

A strategy in which one call and one put with the same expiration, but different strike prices, are written against each 100 shares of the underlying stock. Example: writing 1 XYZ May 60 call and writing 1 XYZ May 55 put, and buying 100 shares of XYZ stock. In actuality, this is not a fully covered strategy because assignment on the short put requires purchase of additional stock.

Opção coberta.

An open short option position completely offset by a corresponding stock or option position. A covered call could be offset by long stock or a long call, while a covered put could be offset by a long put or a short stock position. This insures that if the owner of the option exercises, the writer of the option will not have a problem fulfilling the delivery requirements. See also Uncovered call option writing and Uncovered put option writing.

Covered put / Covered cash-secured put.

The cash-secured put is an option strategy in which a put option is written against a sufficient amount of cash (or Treasury bills) to pay for the stock purchase if the short option is assigned.

Covered straddle.

An option strategy in which one call and one put with the same strike price and expiration are written against each 100 shares of the underlying stock. Example: writing 1 XYZ May 60 call and 1 XYZ May 60 put, and buying 100 shares of XYZ stock. In actuality, this is not a fully covered strategy because assignment on the short put requires purchase of additional stock.

Money received in an account either from a deposit or from a transaction that results in increasing the account's cash balance.

Credit spread.

A spread strategy that increases the account's cash balance when established. A bull spread with puts and a bear spread with calls are examples of credit spreads.

A measure of the rate of change in an option's Delta for a one-unit change in the price of the underlying stock. See also Delta.

The expiration dates applicable to the different series of options. Traditionally, there were three cycles:

Today, most equity options expire on a hybrid cycle, which involves four option series: the two nearest-term calendar months and the next two months from the traditional cycle to which that class of options has been assigned. For example, on January 1, a stock in the January cycle will be trading options expiring in these months: January, February, April and July. After the January expiration, the months outstanding will be February, March, April and July.

A type of option order that instructs the broker to cancel any unfilled portion of the order at the close of trading on the day the order was first entered.

A position (stock or option) that is opened and closed on the same day.

Money paid out from an account from either a withdrawal or a transaction that results in decreasing the cash balance.

Distribuição de débito.

A spread strategy that decreases the account's cash balance when established. A bull spread with calls and a bear spread with puts are examples of debit spreads.

A term used to describe how the theoretical value of an option erodes or declines with the passage of time. Time decay is specifically quantified by Theta.

The process of meeting the terms of a written option contract when notification of assignment has been received. In the case of a short equity call, the writer must deliver stock and in return receives cash for the stock sold. In the case of a short equity put, the writer pays cash and in return receives the stock.

A measure of the rate of change in an option's theoretical value for a one-unit change in the price of the underlying stock.

Derivative / Derivative security.

A financial security whose value is determined in part from the value and characteristics of another security known as the underlying security.

Diagonal spread.

A strategy involving the simultaneous purchase and writing of two options of the same type that have different strike prices and different expiration dates. Example: buying 1 May 60 call and writing 1 March 65 call.

An adjective used to describe an option that is trading at a price less than its intrinsic value (i. e., trading below parity).

Discretion.

Freedom given by an investor to his or her account executive to use judgment regarding the execution of an order. Discretion can be limited, as in the case of a limit order that gives the floor broker price flexibility beyond the stated limit price to use his or her judgment in executing the order. Discretion can also be unlimited, as in the case of a market-not-held order.

Early exercise.

A feature of American-style options that allows the owner to exercise an option at any time prior to expiration.

Troca de opções CBEE EDGX.

In a margin account, equity is the difference between the securities owned and the margin loans owed. The investor keeps this amount after all positions are closed and all margin loans paid off.

Equity option.

An option on shares of an individual common stock or exchange traded fund.

Equivalent strategy.

A strategy that has the same risk-reward profile as another strategy. For example, a long May 60-65 call vertical spread is equivalent to a short May 60-65 put vertical spread. See also Synthetic position.

European-style option.

An option that can be exercised only during a specified period just prior to expiration. See also American-style option.

Ex-date / Ex-dividend date.

The day before the date that an investor must have purchased the stock in order to receive the dividend. On the ex-dividend date, the previous day's closing price is reduced by the amount of the dividend because purchasers of the stock on the ex-dividend date will not receive the dividend payment. This date is sometimes referred to simply as the ex-date, and can apply to other situations (e. g., splits and distributions). If you purchase a stock on the ex-date for a split or distribution, you are not entitled to the split stock or that distribution. However, the opening price for the stock will have been reduced by an appropriate amount, as on the ex-dividend date. Weekly financial publications, such as Barron's, often include a stock's upcoming ex-date as part of their stock tables.

Exchange traded funds (ETFs)

Exchange traded funds (ETFs) are index funds or trusts listed on an exchange and traded in a similar fashion as a single equity. The first ETF came about in 1993 with the AMEX's concept of a tradable basket of stocks — Standard & Poor's Depositary Receipt (SPDR). Today, the number of ETFs that trade options continues to grow and diversify. Investors can buy or sell shares in the collective performance of an entire stock portfolio (or a bond portfolio) as a single security. Exchange traded funds allow investors to enjoy some of the more favorable features of stock trading, such as liquidity and ease of equity style, in an environment of more traditional index investing.

To invoke the rights granted to the owner of an option contract. In the case of a call, the option owner buys the underlying stock. In the case of a put, the option owner sells the underlying stock.

Exercise by exception processing.

A procedure used by OCC as an operational convenience for clearing members. Under these proceedings, OCC assumes a clearing member tendered exercise notices for options that are in-the-money by threshold amounts, unless specifically instructed not to do so. This procedure protects the owner from losing the intrinsic value of the option because of failure to exercise. Unless instructed not to do so, all expiring equity options held in customer accounts are exercised if they are in-the-money by a specified amount.

Exercise price.

The price that the owner of an option can purchase (call) or sell (put) the underlying stock. Used interchangeably with strike or strike price.

Exercise settlement amount.

The difference between the exercise price of the option being exercised and the exercise settlement value of the index on the day the index option is exercised.

Expiration cycle.

The expiration dates applicable to the different series of options. Traditionally, there were three cycles:

Today, equity options expire on a hybrid cycle that involves four option series: the two nearest-term calendar months and the next two months from the traditional cycle to which that class of options has been assigned. For example, on January 1, a stock in the January cycle will be trading options expiring in these months: January, February, April and July. After the January expiration, the months outstanding will be February, March, April and July.

Data de validade.

The date that an option and the right to exercise it cease to exist.

Expiration Friday.

The last business day prior to the option's expiration date during which purchases and sales of options can be made. For equity options, this is generally the third Friday of the expiration month. If the third Friday of the month is an exchange holiday, the last trading day is the Thursday immediately preceding the third Friday.

Expiration month.

The month that the expiration date occurs.

A protective strategy in which a written call and a long put are added to a previously owned long stock position, also referred to as a collar. The options may have the same strike price or different strike prices. The expiration months may or may not be the same. For example, if the investor previously purchased XYZ Corporation at $46 and it rose to $62, an investor could establish a collar involving the purchase of a May 60 put and the writing of a May 65 call as a way of protecting some of the unrealized profit in the XYZ Corporation stock position. An investor might also use the reverse (a long call combined with a written put) if he has previously established a short stock position in XYZ Corporation.

Fill-or-kill order (FOK)

A type of option order that requires that the order be executed completely or not at all. A fill-or-kill order is similar to an all-or-none (AON) order. The difference is that if the order cannot be completely executed (i. e., filled in its entirety) as soon as it is announced in the trading crowd, it is killed (cancelled) immediately. Unlike an AON order, an FOK order cannot be used as part of a good-‘til-cancelled order.

FINRA (Financial Industry Regulatory Authority)

The largest independent regulator for all securities firms doing business in the United States.

Floor broker.

A trader on an exchange floor who executes trading orders for other people.

Floor trader.

An exchange member on the trading floor who buys and sells for their own account.

Analise fundamental.

A method of predicting stock prices based on the study of earnings, sales, dividends, and so on.

Fungibility.

Interchangeability resulting from standardization. Options listed on national exchanges are fungible, while over-the-counter options generally are not. Classes of options listed and traded on more than one national exchange are referred to as multiple-listed/multiple-traded options.

A measure of the rate of change in an option's Delta for a one-unit change in the price of the underlying stock. See also Delta.

Nasdaq GEMX, LLC.

Good-'til-cancelled (GTC) order.

A type of limit order that remains in effect until it is either executed (filled) or cancelled. This is unlike a day order, which expires if not executed by the end of the trading day. If not executed, a GTC option order is automatically cancelled at the option's expiration.

Hedge / Hedged position.

A position established with the specific intent of protecting an existing position. For example, an owner of common stock may buy a put option to hedge against a possible stock price decline.

Historic volatility.

A measure of actual stock price changes over a specific period. See also Standard deviation.

Any person who has made an opening purchase transaction, call or put, and has that position in a brokerage account.

Horizontal spread.

An option strategy that generally involves the purchase of a farther-term option (call or put) and the writing of an equal number of nearer-term options of the same type and strike price. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 call (far-term portion of the spread) and writing 1 XYZ March 60 call (near-term portion of the spread). See also Calendar spread.

Immediate-or-cancel order (IOC)

A type of option order that gives the trading crowd one opportunity to take the other side of the trade. After announcement, the order is either partially or totally filled with any remaining balance immediately cancelled. An IOC order, considered a type of day order, cannot be used as part of a good-‘til-cancelled order since it is cancelled shortly after being entered. The difference between fill-or-kill (FOK) orders and IOC orders is that an IOC order may be partially executed.

Implied volatility.

The volatility percentage that produces the best fit for all underlying option prices on that underlying stock. See also Individual volatility.

In-the-money / In-the-money option.

A term used to describe an option with intrinsic value. For standard options, a call option is in-the-money if the stock price is above the strike price. A put option is in-the-money if the stock price is below the strike price.

A compilation of several stock prices into a single number. Example: the S&P 100 Index.

Opção de índice.

An option whose underlying interest is an index. Generally, index options are cash-settled.

Individual volatility.

The volatility percentage that justifies an option's price, as opposed to historic volatility or implied volatility. A theoretical pricing model can be used to generate an option's individual volatility when the five remaining quantifiable factors (stock price, time until expiration, strike price, interest rates and cash dividends) are entered along with the price of the option itself.

Instituição.

A professional investment management company. Typically, this term describes money managers such as banks, pension funds, mutual funds and insurance companies.

Valor intrínseco.

The in-the-money portion of an option's premium. See also In-the-money.

Mariposa de ferro.

An option strategy with limited risk and limited profit potential that involves both a long (or short) straddle, and a short (or long) strangle. An iron butterfly contains four options. It is equivalent to a regular butterfly spread that contains only three options. For example, a short iron butterfly might include buying 1 XYZ May 60 call and 1 May 60 put, and writing 1 XYZ May 65 call and writing 1 XYZ May 55 put.

ISE Gemini.

Nasdaq GEMX, LLC.

No J Options Glossary Items.

There are currently no glossary items for this letter.

A measure of the rate of change in an option's theoretical value for a one-unit change in the volatility assumption.

A measure of leverage. The expected percentage change in the value of an option for a 1% change in the value of the underlying product.

Último dia de negociação.

The last business day before the option's expiration date during which purchases and sales of options can be made. For equity options, this is generally the third Friday of the expiration month. If the third Friday of the month is an exchange holiday, the last trading day is the Thursday immediately preceding the third Friday.

LEAPS® (Long-term Equity AnticiPation Securities) / Long-dated options.

Calls and puts with an expiration of over nine months when listed. Currently, equity LEAPS have two series at any time with a January expiration.

A term describing one side of a position with two or more sides. When a trader legs into a spread, they establish one side first, hoping for a favorable price movement in order to execute the other side at a better price. This is a higher-risk method of establishing a spread position.

A term describing the greater percentage of profit or loss potential when a given amount of money controls a security with a much larger face value. For example, a call option enables the owner to assume the upside potential of 100 shares of stock by investing a much smaller amount than that required to buy the stock. If the stock increases by 10%, for example, the option might double in value. Conversely, a 10% stock price decline might result in the total loss of the purchase price of the option.

Ordem limite.

A trading order placed with a broker to buy or sell stock or options at a specific price.

Liquidity / Liquid market.

Trading environments characterized by high trading volume, a narrow spread between the bid and ask prices, and the ability to trade larger sized orders without significant price changes.

Listed option.

A put or call traded on a national options exchange. In contrast, over-the-counter options usually have non-standard or negotiated terms.

Long option position.

The position of an option purchaser (owner) which represents the right to either buy stock (in the case of a call) or to sell stock (in the case of a put) at a specified price (strike price) at or before some date in the future (the expiration date). This position results from an opening purchase transaction (long call or long put).

Long stock position.

A position in which an investor has purchased and owns stock.

Margin / Margin requirement.

The minimum equity required to support an investment position. To buy on margin refers to borrowing part of the purchase price of a security from a brokerage firm.

Mark-to-market.

An accounting process by which the price of securities held in an account are valued each day to reflect the closing price or closing market quotes. As a result, the equity in an account is updated daily to reflect current security prices properly.

Market order.

A trading order placed with a broker to immediately buy or sell a stock or option at the best available price.

Market quote.

Quotations of the current best bid/ask prices for an option or stock in the marketplace (an exchange trading floor). The investor usually obtains this information from a brokerage firm. However, for listed options and stocks, these quotes are widely disseminated and available through various commercial quotation services.

Criador de mercado.

An exchange member on the trading floor who buys and sells options for their own account and who has the responsibility of making bids and offers and maintaining a fair and orderly market. See also Specialist / specialist group / specialist system.

Market maker system (competing)

A method of supplying liquidity in options markets by having market makers in competition with one another. As an alternative to a specialist system, they are also responsible for making fair and orderly markets in a given class of options.

Market-not-held order.

A type of market order that allows the investor to give discretion to the floor broker regarding the price and/or time of trade execution.

Market-on-close order (MOC)

A type of option order that requires that an order be executed at or near the close of trading on the day the order is entered.

Married put strategy.

The simultaneous purchase of stock and put options representing an equivalent number of shares. This is a limited risk strategy during the life of the puts because the stock can always be sold for at least the strike price of the purchased puts.

Miami Options Exchange.

A mathematical formula used to calculate the theoretical value of an option. See also Black-Scholes formula.

Multiple-listed / multiple-traded option.

Any option contract listed and traded on more than one national options exchange. See also Fungibility.

Naked or uncovered option.

A short option position that is not fully collateralized if notification of assignment is received. A short call position is uncovered if the writer does not have a long stock or deeper-in-the-money long call position. A short put position is uncovered if the writer is not short stock or long another deeper-in-the-money put.

A national securities exchange (Operated by Nasdaq OMX).

Net credit.

Money received in an account either from a deposit or a transaction that results in increasing the account's cash balance.

Money paid from an account either from a withdrawal or a transaction that results in decreasing the cash balance.

An adjective describing the belief that a stock or the market in general will neither rise nor decline significantly.

Neutral strategy.

An option strategy (Or stock and option position) expected to benefit from a neutral market outcome.

Ninety-ten (90/10) strategy.

A conservative option strategy in which an investor buys Treasury bills (or other liquid assets) with 90% of their funds, and buys call options (or put options or a mixture of both) with the balance. The proportions of this strategy are subject to change based on prevailing interest rates.

Non-equity option.

Any option that does not have common stock as the underlying asset. Non-equity options include options on futures, indexes, foreign currencies, Treasury security yields, etc.

Not-held order.

A type of order that releases normal obligations implied by the other terms of the order. For example, a limit order designated as not-held allows discretion to the floor broker in filling the order when the market trades at the limit price of the order. In this case, there is no obligation to provide the customer with an execution if the market trades through the limit price on the order. See also Discretion and Market-not-held order.

Nasdaq Options Market, LLC.

Nasdaq Options Market.

Nasdaq Options Market.

Nasdaq Options Market.

Nasdaq Options Market.

Please update the optionseducation site to reflect the new name changes on these pages:

From: Christine Stange.

Sent: Wednesday, March 08, 2017 3:08 PM.

Subject: RE: ISE exchanges name changes.

Obrigado pela informação! There were some emails floating around last week on ISE's name change. We'll have some development as well as content work to be done to accommodate the change.

With regards to NASDAQ vs. Nasdaq, the website uses both the exchange's legal name and trading facility names. The approved NASDAQ ones were originally provided to us by Legal back in 2012. We should reach out to Legal to have them revalidate the list. They had last reviewed and certified it in January 2017. I've attached the document that you were referring to in your email. I'm also attaching a spreadsheet where we (in conjunction with Product Development) track the exchange identifiers used on our various systems.​

Trading Facility Name & Acronym.

Nasdaq GEMX, LLC.

Nasdaq BX Options.

Nasdaq PHLX LLC.

Nasdaq PHLX LLC.

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.

Please update the optionseducation site to reflect the new name changes on these pages:

From: Christine Stange.

Sent: Wednesday, March 08, 2017 3:08 PM.

Subject: RE: ISE exchanges name changes.

Obrigado pela informação! There were some emails floating around last week on ISE's name change. We'll have some development as well as content work to be done to accommodate the change.

With regards to NASDAQ vs. Nasdaq, the website uses both the exchange's legal name and trading facility names. The approved NASDAQ ones were originally provided to us by Legal back in 2012. We should reach out to Legal to have them revalidate the list. They had last reviewed and certified it in January 2017. I've attached the document that you were referring to in your email. I'm also attaching a spreadsheet where we (in conjunction with Product Development) track the exchange identifiers used on our various systems.​

Trading Facility Name & Acronym.

Nasdaq GEMX, LLC.

Nasdaq BX Options.

Nasdaq PHLX LLC.

Nasdaq PHLX LLC.

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.

A national securities exchange (Operated by NYSE Euronext).

NYSE American Options.

Opções da NYSE Arca.

Offer / Offer price.

The price at which a seller is offering to sell an option or a stock. Also known as ask or ask price.

One-cancels-other order (OCO)

A type of option order that treats two or more option orders as a package, whereby the execution of any one of the orders causes all the orders to be reduced by the same amount. For example, the investor would enter an OCO order if they wished to buy 10 May 60 calls or 10 June 60 calls or any combination of the two which when summed equaled 10 contracts. An OCO order may be a day order or a good-‘til-cancel order.

Interesse aberto.

The total number of outstanding option contracts on a given series or for a given underlying stock.

Protício aberto.

The trading method by which competing market makers and floor brokers representing public orders make bids and offers on the trading floor.

Opening transaction.

An addition to, or creation of, a trading position. An opening purchase transaction adds long options to an investor's total position, and an opening sale transaction adds short options. An opening option transaction increases that option's open interest.

A contract that gives the owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a particular asset (the underlying stock) at a fixed price (the strike price) for a specific period of time (until expiration) . The contract also obligates the writer to meet the terms of delivery if the owner exercises the contract right.

Option period.

The time from when a buyer or writer of an option creates an option contract to the expiration date; sometimes referred to as an option's lifetime.

Option pricing curve.

A graphical representation of the estimated theoretical value of an option at one point in time, at various prices of the underlying stock.

Option pricing model.

The first widely used model for option pricing was the Black Scholes. This formula can be used to calculate a theoretical value for an option using current stock prices, expected dividends, the option's strike price, expected interest rates, time to expiration and expected stock volatility. While the Black-Scholes model does not perfectly describe real-world options markets, it is still often used in the valuation and trading of options.

Option writer.

The seller of an option contract who is obligated to meet the terms of delivery if the option owner exercises his or her right. This seller has made an opening sale transaction, and has not yet closed that position.

Optionable stock.

A stock on which listed options are traded.

Options Clearing Corporation (OCC)

OCC is the world's largest equity derivatives clearing organization. Founded in 1973, OCC operates under the jurisdiction of both the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as a Registered Clearing Agency and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) as a Derivatives Clearing Organization. OCC provides central counterparty (CCP) clearing and settlement services to 16 exchanges and trading platforms for options, financial futures, security futures and securities lending transactions.

OTC option.

An over-the-counter option is traded in the over-the-counter market. OTC options are not listed on an options exchange and do not have standardized terms. These are to be distinguished from exchange-listed and traded equity options, which are standardized. See also Fungibility.

Out-of-the-money / Out-of-the-money option.

A term used to describe an option that has no intrinsic value. The option’s premium consists entirely of time value. For standard contracts, a call option is out-of-the-money if the stock price is below its strike price. A put option is out-of-the-money if the stock price is above its strike price. See also Intrinsic value and Time value.

Over-the-counter / Over-the-counter market.

A decentralized association of market participants, with many characteristics of an exchange, where trading takes place via an electronic network.

An option strategy involving the writing of call options (wholly or partially) against existing long stock positions. This is different from the buy-write strategy that involves the simultaneous purchase of stock and writing of a call. See also Ratio write.

Any person who has made an opening purchase transaction, call or put, and has that position in a brokerage account.

A term used to describe an option contract's total premium when that premium is the same amount as its intrinsic value. For example, an option is ‘worth parity’ when its theoretical value is equal to its intrinsic value. An option is said to be ‘trading for parity’ when an option is trading for only its intrinsic value. Parity may be measured against the stocks last sale, bid or offer.

Payoff diagram.

A chart of the profits and losses for a particular options strategy prepared in advance of the execution of the strategy. The diagram is a plot of expected profits or losses against the price of the underlying security.

Nasdaq PHLX, LLC.

Physical delivery option.

An option whose underlying entity is a physical good or commodity, like a common stock or a foreign currency. When its owner exercises that option, there is delivery of that physical good or commodity from one brokerage or trading account to another.

The risk to an investor (option writer) that the stock price will exactly equal the strike price at expiration (that option will be exactly at-the-money). The investor will not know how many of their written(short) options will be assigned or whether a last second move in the underlying will leave any long options in - or out-of-the-money. The risk is that on the following Monday the option writer might have an unexpected long (in the case of a written put) or short (in the case of a written call) stock position, and thus be subject to the risk of an adverse price move.

The combined total of an investor's open option contracts (Calls and/or puts) and long or short stock.

Mercado de posição.

An investing strategy in which open positions are held for an extended period.

1. Total price of an option: intrinsic value plus time value.

2. Often (Erroneously) this word is used to mean the same as time value .

Primary market.

For securities traded in more than one market, the primary market is usually the exchange where trading volume in that security is highest.

Profit/loss graph.

A graphical presentation of the profit and loss possibilities of an investment strategy at one point in time (usually option expiration), at various stock prices.

Posicione a opção.

An option contract that gives the owner the right to sell the underlying stock at a specified price (its strike price) for a certain, fixed period (until its expiration). For the writer of a put option, the contract represents an obligation to buy the underlying stock from the option owner if the option is assigned.

No Q Options Glossary Items.

There are currently no glossary items for this letter.

Ratio spread.

A term most commonly used to describe the purchase of an option(s), call or put, and the writing of a greater number of the same type of options that are out-of-the-money with respect to those purchased. All options involved have the same expiration date. For example, buying 5 XYZ May 60 calls and writing 6 XYZ May 65 calls. See also Ratio write.

Ratio write.

An investment strategy in which stock is purchased and call options are written on a greater than one-for-one basis (more calls written than the equivalent number of shares purchased). For example, buying 500 shares of XYZ stock, and writing 6 XYZ May 60 calls. See also Ratio spread.

Ganhos e perdas realizados.

The net amount received or paid when a closing transaction is made and matched with an opening transaction.

Resistência.

A term used in technical analysis to describe a price area at which rising prices are expected to stop or meet increased selling activity. This analysis is based on historic price behavior of the stock.

Reversal / Reverse conversion.

An investment strategy used mostly by professional option traders in which a short put and long call with the same strike price and expiration combine with short stock to lock in a nearly riskless profit. For example, selling short 100 shares of XYZ stock, buying 1 XYZ May 60 call, and writing 1 XYZ May 60 put at favorable prices. The process of executing these three-sided trades is sometimes called reversal arbitrage. See also Conversion.

A measure of the expected change in an option's theoretical value for a 1% change in interest rates.

A trading action in which the trader simultaneously closes an open option position and creates a new option position at a different strike price, different expiration, or both. Variations of this include rolling up, rolling down, rolling out and diagonal rolling.

A Comissão de Valores Mobiliários. The SEC is an agency of the federal government that is in charge of monitoring and regulating the securities industry.

Secondary market.

A market where securities are bought and sold after their initial purchase by public investors.

Sector index.

An index that measures the performance of a narrow market segment, such as biotechnology or small capitalization stocks.

Secured put / Cash-secured put.

An option strategy in which a put option is written against a sufficient amount of cash (or Treasury bills) to pay for the stock purchase if the short option is assigned.

Series of options.

Option contracts on the same class having the same strike price and expiration month. For example, all XYZ May 60 calls constitute a series.

Assentamento.

The process by which the underlying stock is transferred from one brokerage account to another when equity option contracts are exercised by their owners and the inherent obligations assigned to option writers.

Settlement price.

The official price at the end of a trading session. OCC establishes this price and uses it to determine changes in account equity, margin requirements and for other purposes. See also Mark-to-market.

Short option position.

The position of an option writer that represents an obligation on the part of the option's writer to meet the terms of the option if its owner exercises it. The writer can terminate this obligation by buying back (cover or close) the position with a closing purchase transaction.

Short stock position.

A strategy that profits from a stock price decline. It is initiated by borrowing stock from a broker-dealer and selling it in the open market. This strategy is closed (covered) later by buying back the stock and returning it to the lending broker-dealer.

Specialist / Specialist group / Specialist system.

One or more exchange members whose function is to maintain a fair and orderly market in a given stock or a given class of options. This is accomplished by managing the limit order book and making bids and offers for their own account in the absence of opposite market side orders. See also Market maker and Market maker system (competing).

A stock dividend issued by one company in shares of another corporate entity, such as a subsidiary corporation of the company issuing the dividend.

Spread / Spread order.

A position consisting of two parts, each of which alone would profit from opposite directional price moves. As orders, these opposite parts are entered and executed simultaneously in the hope of (1) limiting risk, or (2) benefiting from a change of price relationship between the two parts.

Standard deviation.

A statistical measure of price fluctuation. One use of the standard deviation is to measure how stock price movements are distributed about the mean. See also Volatility.

Standardization.

Interchangeability resulting from standardization. Options listed on national exchanges are fungible, while over-the-counter options generally are not. Classes of options listed and traded on more than one national exchange are referred to as multiple-listed / multiple-traded options.

Stock dividend.

A dividend paid in shares of stock rather than cash. See also Spin-off.

Stock split.

An increase in the number of outstanding shares by a corporation through the issuance of a set number of shares to a shareholder for a set number of shares that the shareholder already owns. For example, a corporation might declare a 2-for-1 stock split. This means that for every share of stock an investor owns, he/she will be given another, thus owning two shares instead of one. There will be a corresponding reduction in equity value per share. In this case, the new shares (post-split) will be worth one-half their previous value but the investor will own twice as many shares.

Parar ordem.

A type of contingency order, often erroneously known as a stop-loss order, placed with a broker. It becomes a market order when the stock trades, or is bid or offered, at or through a specified price. See also Stop-limit order.

Stop-limit order.

A type of contingency order placed with a broker that becomes a limit order when the stock trades, or is bid or offered, at or through a specific price.

A trading position involving puts and calls on a one-to-one basis in which the puts and calls have the same strike price, expiration and underlying stock. When both options are owned, the position is called a long straddle. When both options are written, it is a short straddle. Example: a long straddle might be buying 1 XYZ May 60 call and buying 1 XYZ May 60 put.

Strike / Strike price.

The price at which the owner of an option can purchase (call) or sell (put) the underlying stock. Used interchangeably with striking price or exercise price.

Strike price interval.

The normal price differential between option strike prices. Exchange rules for strike intervals have changed over the years, and many stocks are now listed in $1 increments or smaller. In general, strike intervals in equity options are listed in $2.50 increments for strikes under $50 and in $5 increments from $50 up to $200. Over $200, strikes are listed in $10 increments. As mentioned, many stocks are now exempt from standard listing procedures and strike increments will vary.

Suitability.

A requirement that any investing strategy fall within the financial means and investment objectives of an investor or trader.

A term used in technical analysis to describe a price area at which falling prices are expected to stop or meet increased buying activity. This analysis is based on previous price behavior of the stock.

Synthetic long call.

A long stock position combined with a long put of the same series as that call.

Synthetic long put.

A short stock position combined with a long call of the same series as that put.

Synthetic long stock.

A long call position combined with a short put of the same series.

Synthetic position.

A strategy involving two or more instruments that have the same risk-reward profile as a strategy involving only one instrument.

Synthetic short call.

A short stock position combined with a short put of the same series as that call.

Synthetic short put.

A long stock position combined with a short call of the same series as that put.

Synthetic short stock.

A short call position combined with a long put of the same series.

Análise técnica.

A method of predicting future stock price movements based on the study of historical market data such as the prices themselves, trading volume, open interest, the relation of advancing issues to declining issues, short selling volume and others.

Theoretical option pricing model.

A formula that can be used to calculate a theoretical value for an option using current stock prices, expected dividends, the option's strike price, expected interest rates, time to expiration and expected stock volatility.

Theoretical value.

The estimated value of an option derived from a mathematical model. See also Model and Black-Scholes formula.

A measure of the rate of change in an option's theoretical value for a one-unit change in time to the option's expiration date. See also Time decay.

The minimum price increment for an option's bid or ask.

Decadência do tempo.

A term used to describe how the theoretical value of an option erodes or reduces with the passage of time. Time decay is specifically quantified by Theta.

Time spread.

An option strategy that generally involves the purchase of a farther-term option (call or put) and the writing of an equal number of nearer-term options of the same type and strike price. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 call (far-term portion of the spread) and writing 1 XYZ March 60 call (near-term portion of the spread). Also known as calendar spread or horizontal spread.

Time value.

The part of an option's total price that exceeds its intrinsic value. The premium of an out-of-the-money option consists entirely of time value.

1. Any investor who makes frequent purchases and sales.

2. A member of an exchange who conducts his or her buying and selling on the trading floor of the exchange.

Trading pit.

A specific location on the trading floor of an exchange designated for the trading of a specific option class or stock.

Transaction costs.

All of the charges associated with executing a trade and maintaining a position. These include brokerage commissions, fees for exercise and/or assignment, exchange fees, SEC fees and margin interest. In academic studies, the spread between bid and ask is taken into account as a transaction cost.

Type of options.

The classification of an option contract as either a put or a call.

Uncovered call option writing.

A short call option position in which the writer does not own an equivalent position in the underlying security represented by his or her option contracts.

Uncovered put option writing.

A short put option position in which the writer does not have a corresponding short position in the underlying security or has not deposited, in a cash account, cash or cash equivalents equal to the exercise value of the put.

Segurança subjacente.

The security subject to being purchased or sold upon exercise of the option contract.

A measure of the rate of change in an option's theoretical value for a one-unit change in the volatility assumption. See also Kappa and Delta.

Vertical spread.

Most commonly used to describe the purchase of one option and writing of another where both are of the same type and of same expiration month, but have different strike prices. Example: buying 1 XYZ May 60 call and writing 1 XYZ May 65 call. See also Bull (or bullish) spread and Bear (or bearish) spread.

Volatilidade.

A measure of stock price fluctuation. Mathematically, volatility is the annualized standard deviation of a stock's daily price changes. See also Historic volatility, Individual volatility and Implied volatility.

Write / Writer.

To sell an option that is not owned through an opening sale transaction. While this position remains open, the writer is subject to fulfilling the obligations of that option contract; i. e., to sell stock (In the case of a call) or buy stock (In the case of a put) if that option is assigned. An investor who so sells an option is called the writer, regardless of whether the option is covered or uncovered.

XYZ / XYZ Corporation.

A fictitious company used as the underlying stock throughout the OIC website.

No Y Options Glossary Items.

There are currently no glossary items for this letter.

No Z Options Glossary Items.

There are currently no glossary items for this letter.

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